Cooling curves, DSC

DSC. Figure 1 shows DSC cooling curves of the water-NaLS system having various Wc s from 0.46 to 2.31 g/g. When a sample with water is cooled from 50°C at the rate of 10°C/min, a broad peak (P ) is observed initially, followed by a sharp peak representing crystallization of water (P/). However, as shown in Figure 1, only P is observed if Wc is lower than ca. 0-5 g/g. 

Figure 1. DSC cooling curves of the water-NaLS system with various water contents, Wc(g/g).

Figure 5. DSC cooling curves of a PE/POM = 85/15 vol.-% blend after one (b) and four (c) extrusion cycles, (a) pure POM.

The DSC cooling curves were obtained using a Perkin-Elmer DSC-1B at a cooling rate of 20°C./min. 

Figure 8. DSC cooling curves of TPU elastomers (based on 2000 M.W. tipped PPG polyol (45% EO) varying in NCO/OH ratio).

The assistance of W. Tullo and J. Super in much of the experimental work is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are due also to C. C. Ho of UNIROYAL Chemical Company for the DSC cooling curves and for many helpful discussions. The author is indebted to G. P. Roberts for his encouragement and to UNIROYAL, Inc. for permission to publish this work. 

Figure 2. DSC cooling curve for PVAc containing 6.3% total water (2.1%...

Figure 3.43. DSC cooling curves (10°C/min) for PP/PS blends difference in the crystallization behavior in blends with PP as a matrix phase and as a dispersed phase [Santana and Muller, 1994],...

The spherulites of polypropylene crystals (80 pm) were larger than those of polypropylene/epoxy blends. This is because epoxy resin particles acted as nucleating sites, increased the number and decreased the size of PP spherulites in the blends. The normalized dynamic DSC cooling curves of polypropylene/epoxy blends are shown in Fig. 21.7 and the data from the DSC studies are summarized in Table 21.5. 

The original - not corrected - DSC cooling curves, see Figure 10, underlie the crystallization peak temperatures, Tc, which are given in Figure 11. These peak temperatures are also influenced by thermal lag as related to the cooling rates applied and the sample masses used. It is clear that the lower the sample mass... 

In the DSC cooling curve of the LC-PI, the first exothermic peak has been confirmed to be the transition from isotropic melt to liquid crystalline phase. A grainy texture is developed within seconds when the system is cooled to just below 290°C as shown in Figure 3.9. The transition temperature and heat of transition for the sample crystallized at 280°C are independent of crystallization time,... 

Fig. 3.66 DSC cooling curves for a number of (PPE/PS)/PA6 blend compositions with PA6 droplets (Tol et al. 2005a)...

Temperature-dependent crystallinities by DSC have been calculated for the whole concentration range. The values are shown in Fig. 9.5 for crystaUinities at 110°C, obtained from DSC cooling curves. At this temperature both PAG and PA4.6 in water are foimd to be crystallized to their maximum extent, see Figs. 9.1 and 9.11 respectively. When the crystaUinities for pure PAG and PAG-water are compared, the crystaUinities of the PAG-water systems are fairly independent of concentration. Furthermore clearly higher values result after crystallization in water (an average value of approx. 39 % for PAG-water systems compared to approx. 27 % for piue PAG). It has to be emphasized that the determination of the crystaUinities from heating ciuves is quite difficult because of curvature of the DSC curves, see e.g. Fig. 9.3. This curvatmre is... 

Peak temperatures of crystallisation peaks in DSC cooling curves showed that the presence of the copolymer depressed the onset of PCL crystallisation, espe-... 

A comparison of curves 4-7 (Figure 2) suggests that the appearance of exothermal peaks in the DSC traces upon cooling of CPE-1 samples from 380°C is likely to be related to the crystallization of CPE-1 firom the nematic melt. This assumption was advanced in (11-13), where the existence of two exothermal peaks in the DSC cooling curves of the as-spun CPE-1 samples was correlated to the development of two different types of crystals. 

Figure 4.68 Schematic DSC cooling curves of water sorbed on hydrophilic polymers I, Non-freezing water (W,) II, W + freezing bound water (IV ). HI + free water...

Figure 4.6 DSC cooling curves for kappa carrageenan/konjac mannan mixtures (total polymer concentration 0.6%) in the presence of 50 mM KCI. A 0.1/0.5 B 0.2/0.4 C 0.3/0.3 D 0.4/0.2 E 0.45/0.15 F 0.5/0.1 and G 0.6/0. Reprinted with permission from [18]. Copyright 1993 American Chemical Society.

Figure 6.3 DSC cooling curves of composite materials with different whisker filling content.

Figure 6.5 Dynamic DSC cooling curves of 5% whisker-filled PP.

Figure 6.20 DSC cooling curves of PP materials filled with different amounts of calcium carbonate whiskers.

FIG U RE 10.7 DSC cooling curves for three representative structures of the system water/ TW40/IMW/IPM, where the weight ratio of TW40 to IMW was fixed at 1 1. 

Fig. 23 DSC-cooling curves for (A) PP, (B) PP/pSi-composite (4 wt% of pSi), and (C) PP/pSi/PP-co-SiPh composite (4 wt% of pSi and 0.4 wt% of compatibilizer). Reprinted from [25], with kind permission from Elsevier...

The first DSC cooling curves of PUPys with various BIN A contents (1) PUPyBD053 (2) PUPyBDO40 (3) PUPyBDO30 (4) PUPyBDO20 and (5) PUPyBDOIO. 

The first DSC cooling curves of PUPy-MB series with various MDI-BDO contents (1) PUPyMBO (2) PUPyMBIB (3) PUPyMB20 (4) PUPyMB25 (5) PUPyMB30 (6) PUPyMB35 and (7) PUPyMB45. 

DSC cooling curves for non-isothermal crystallization of P4tBS-coated electrospun PEO/PS blend fibers annealed at different temperatures, depicting the fractionated crystallization in the polymer with the formation of multiple crystallization peaks [89]. 

The cooling scan of pure compounds (MEl and ME2) at 5 C/min (Fig. 13.3b) shows two broad exothermic peaks. As the melting and crystallization properties of FAME have been obtained and presented in Table 13.2, the identification of saturated and unsaturated compounds on these DSC cooling curves can therefore be made. The saturated ones start crystallizing at 6 and -7 "C for MEl and ME2, respectively, while the unsaturates crystallize at very low temperatures (about —40/—50 °C). 

---