Drug discovery assay

Development of a commercial sensor or assay requires incorporation of the sensing elements into materials appropriate for device manufacture. Some assay applications use solution-phase materials only this is more common for drug discovery assays and diagnostic testing than in environmental sensing. Polymers are less soluble than small molecules however, with appropriate choice of side chains... 

Skinner, G.M. and Visscher, K., Single-molecule techniques for drug discovery, Assay Drug Devel. Technol., 2, 397, 2004. 

To screen for bone marrow toxicity early in drug discovery, assays must be able to evaluate hundreds of compounds, be inexpensive, report results within two weeks (in order to impact chemistry cycle times) and be able to detect toxicity irrespective of cytotoxic or cytostatic mechanisms. Only cell line-based assays can meet all of these various criteria. 

Giuliano, K.A., Haskins, J.R., and Taylor, D.L. 2003. Advances in high content screening for drug discovery. Assay Drug Dev. Technol. 1, 565-577. 

Gill S, GiU R, Sen Lee S et al (2003) Flux assays in high throughput screening of ion channels in drug discovery. Assay Drug Dev Technol 1(5) 709-717... 

Xu, X. et al., Designing LC-MS/MS methods that are good enough to provide bioana-lytical support for new drug discovery assays, Am. Drug Discov., 2(3), 6, 2007. 

Hug, T. S. (2003). Biophysical methods for monitoring cell-substrate interactions in drug discovery. Assay and drug development technologies, 1(2), 479-488. 

The number of codes required for a bead-based assay technology depends on the assay A few tens of code for some immunoassays [7], around 10" - 10 for studies of biological processes such as gene expression and protein-protein interaction [12, 13] and drug discovery assays. A large number of techniques have been proposed for encoding beads, and reviews can be found in [14-16]. 

Once potent ligands for a viral protein are identified, further advancement depends on demonstrating activity in cells. Unfortunately, reproducible in vitro viral replication assays for HCV have not been reported. There are scattered reports that a very low level of genome replication, or even virus production, can be observed under certain circumstances [56]. However, recently specific sequences yielding relatively reproducible replication, at consistently detectable levels have been reported [57]. In the coming years these may allow routine assays suitable for compound evaluation to be developed, but to date drug discovery must rely on other cell culture models. 

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