Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy

The most important cationic nanoparticles for drug delivery for cancer therapy are chitosan nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles have been frequently studied for the delivery of proteins or peptides, growth factors, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and anticancer drugs.  

PLL-modified, hybrid-modified and unmodified PLGA nanoparticles were developed for cellular drug delivery to human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Hybrid-modified nanoparticles were prepared using a cationic polymer, PLL, and a nonionic surfactant, polysorbate 80. Studies on the cellular uptake efficacy of hybrid-modified nanoparticles compared with PLL-modified and unmodified nanoparticles proved that PLL-modified 

Cationic nanoparticles can also be obtained with cationic surfactants by incorporation during preparation or by incubation in a cationic surfactant. Didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB), dodecyltri-methylammonium bromide (DTAB), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), dimethyl(dioctyldodecyl)ammonium bromide (DODAB), benzyl-alkonium chloride and cetrimide are widely used as cationic surfactants for this purpose. PLGA nanoparticles which were coated with DMAB were developed for oral delivery of the anticancer drug paclitaxel. This formulation compared with intravenous administration of paclitaxel with cremo-phor showed an equivalent effect with a 50% lower dose of paclitaxel encapsulated in nanoparticles.  

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Drummond DC, Kirpotin D, Benz CC, et al. Liposomal drug delivery for cancer therapy. In Brown DM, ed. Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy. Totowa, New Jersey Humana Press Inc., 2004 191. 

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Drug delivery for cancer therapies is a long-standing research target as the usual side effects of conventional therapies are highly undesirable. ONPs show characteristics that make them quite promising in reducing the side effects of traditional chemotherapy. 

Dutta R. K., Sahu S. (2012c). Development of oxaliplatin encapsulated in magnetic nanocarriers of pectin as a potential targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy. ResuIti hanrhSa., 2, 38-45. 

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R. Eernando, J. Downs, D. Maples and A. Ranjan, MRI-Guided Monitoring of Thermal Dose and Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy, Pharm. Res., 2013, 30, 2709. 

Amphiphilic Block Copolymers Potent Efflux Pump Inhibitors for Drug Delivery AND Cancer Therapy... 

Wang, H., Jiang, Y, Peng, H., Chen, Y, Zhu, P, Huang, Y, 2015. Recent progress in mi-croRNA delivery for cancer therapy by non-viral synthetic vectors. Adv. Drug Dehv. Rev. 81, 142-160. 

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The control of inverse transition temperatures by sequence manipulation and biocompatibility of ELPs make them useful polymers for drug delivery. Cultured cancer cells and solid tumors in animal models uptake fluorescently labeled ELPs in a thermally responsive manner (48,49). Two major limitations in cancer therapy have been the inability of therapeutic molecules to cross the cell membrane and the target-specificity of the compounds. To overcome these limitations cell-penetrating, peptides (CPP) have been fused with ELPs (CPP-ELP) to develop thermally responsive therapeutics with the ability to translocate the cell membrane (Figure 3B). CPPs can assist in the transportation of hydrophilic compounds (small molecules, oglionucleotides and peptides) across the cell membrane (50). Fusing ELPs to a variety of CPPs have revealed that the peptide sequence of penetratin demonstrates the most efficient cellular uptake (51). Further, these CPP-ELPs have been fused to a c-Myc inhibitory peptide known to target and inhibit cancer. As proof of principle, these fusion proteins inhibits proliferation of cultured cancer cell lines in a thermally responsive manner (52). 

Y.Y. Liu, H. Miyoshi, and M. Nakamura, Nanomedicine for drug delivery and imaging A promising avenue for cancer therapy and diagnosis using targeted functional nanoparticles, Int. J. Cancer, 120(12), 2527-2537 (2007). 

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