Domain texture

Ribbe P. H. (1983b). Aluminium-silicon order in feldspars Domain textures and diffraction patterns. In Reviews in Mineralogy, vol. 2 (2d ed.), P. H. Ribbe (series ed.), Mineralogical Society of America. 

In recalling Figure 1, where two-phase behavior exists, the related question is "does the domain texture become instantaneously induced during processing whether it be through thermal or solvent means A second related question is "once established, how thermally stable (in a structural sense) is this texture From an applications point of view both questions have very obvious ramifications. Recent work (7,8,11,12,... 

Nissen, H.-U. (1967). Direct electron-microscope proof of domain texture in or-thoclase. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 16, 354-60. 

There is a close relation between the proton spin lattice relaxation time (Tj) observed with pulsed NMR at room temperature (8, 9) and the microstructure of mesophase (8) transformed from the parent matrix of coal. That is, the longer the relaxation time is, the more sufficient the growth of mesophase from the matrix occurs, and shown in Table II. The parent materials, which give the fibrous-domain texture at the early stages of carbonization, have the longest relaxation time found so far, as described in the table. 

Salje EKH, Graeme-Barber A, Carpenter, MA, Bismayer U (1993) Lattice parameters, spontaneous strain and phase transitions in Pb3(P04)2. Acta Ciystallogr B49 387-392 Salje EKH, Schmidt C, Bismayer U (1993) Structural phase transition in titanite, CaTiSiOs A Ramanspectroscopic study. Phys Chem Miner 19 502-506 Speer JA, Gibbs GV (1976) Crystal structure of synthetic titanite CaTiSiOs, and the domain textures of natural titanites. Am Mineral 61 238-247... 

Structure 1. Under an NMR magnetic field, the axis of the nematic domain tends to align along the applied field, and thus the resulting LC phase is taken to be of a mono-domain texture. 

The domain texture can be evaluated analyzing the intensity interchanges in symmetry-dependent reflections of XRD spectra. Jones et al. [88, 111, 112] proposed the following formulae to determine the degree of domain preference ... 

Singer [16] showed that an oxidized mesophase fiber, after carbonizing at 1600°C, showed a fine domain texture retaining the as spun texture, whereas a fiber carbonized from an un-oxidized fiber showed larger domains, indicating some relaxation of the structure. 

In general crystalline domains are disrupted the least while the fastest recovery is displayed in samples with a non-crystalline domain texture, but this is going to be discussed to a great extent in Chapter 4 of this book. 

Materials that possess rather distinct domain textures show the lowest hysteresis characteristics while those with no domain texture show an increasing level of hysteresis with strain. This was explained by Abouzahr [176] in terms of a... 

Keywords Cathodoluminescence, ceramic materials, stress visualization, domain texture. 

Meanwhile, in domain-rich ferroelectric devices, besides the need for a direct visualization of internal residual stresses, a direct experimental assessment of domain texture and distribution is desirable, in order to control functional outputs. For example, a size effect on the ferroelectric phase transition in thin films may lead to a critical size of few tens of nanometers, below which the ferroelectric transition vanishes. 

Fig. 6 (a) Conventional FEG-SEM image of a domain-textured highly stoichiometric BaTiOs surface and image from the same area by PCOM (b) CL/PM image from the same area depicted in (a) (c) comparison between two CL spectra from bright and dark areas in the PM image in (b) before intensity normalization (d) after spectral intensity normalization. 

In order to prepare a surface-stabilized lyo-SmC sample, C50/formamide mixtures with a mass fraction of 19 wt% of formamide were tilled into thin nylon coated cells of 1.6 pm cell gap by the suction method cf. Sect. 4.4). Since the cell gap is considerably smaller than the helical pitch length of several micrometers the formation of the helical structure is suppressed and instead of the striped texture a typical domain texture as shown in Fig. 5.36 with separate domains of opposite tilt directions is observed. 

Figure 35. Domain texture in /J-lead orthovanadate resulting from the ->P transformation...

In long-pitch nemato-cholesteric mixtures oriented homeotropically by cell walls, the bubble domain texture is often observed. A careful investigation of the director distribution in the bubble and striped (fingerprint) domains has been carried out in [3]. 

Optical studies of uniaxially aligned TLCP fibers, films and ribbons observed in the orthogonal position in polarized light exhibit a salt and pepper texture and incomplete extinction. Close examination of this structure shows a fine domain texture. The individual domains, about 0.5 /im in diameter, are regions of local order which can be seen in micrographs of thin sections (Fig. 5.87, color section). There is a slight color variation between domains which suggests they... 

Fig. 5.95 Free fall TLCP strands are shown in polished sections in circularly polarized light (A) (color section) and also by SEM of fractures (B, C). The less oriented strand appears more u orm in domain texture and also exhibits a coarser woody fracture (B). Some orientation is observed in the more highly oriented strand (A) and the fracture morphology is more uniform (C).

Fig. 5.99 A glass fiber reinforced LCP composite is shown to have interesting morphology. A polished thin section is shown in polarized light (A) (color section) to exhibit a fine domain texture with some orientation of the polymer on the glass surfaces. SEM fracture views (B-D) show the tenacious adhesion of the LCP to the fibers. Fibrillar structures are oriented parallel to the fiber surface and submicrometer sized domains are observed (D).

Fig. 5.99A A glass fiber reinforced LCP composite is shown to have interesting morphology. A polished thin section is shown in polarized light to exhibit a fine domain texture with some orientation of the polymer on the glass surfaces.

Fig. 5.81 Skin-core structures shown in more detail in highly magnified polarized light micrographs with the specimen in the orthogonal position (A). The fine domain textures are partially extinct near the skin due to its orientation, although domains are observed. With the specimen at 45° (B) the skin is seen clearly to be more oriented than the core.

Figure 7.14 Schematic illustration of shearing a block copolymer into single domain texture, and the corresponding SANS scattering pattern.

---