Dl-tetrahydropalmatine

According to Huang-Minlon, Makoshi s base (I) is coptisine, while Chou s base, B, is dl-tetrahydropalmatine and D and E are I- and dl-tetrahydrocoptisine respectively. 

Chang CK, Lin MT. DL-Tetrahydropalmatine may act through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats. Neurosci Lett 2001 307 163-166. 

Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang ex Z. Y. Su et C. Y. Wu China d-corydaline, corydalis, dl-tetrahydropalmatine, crybulbine, alpha-allocryptopine, tetrahydrocoptisine, corydalamine, tetrahydrocolumbamine, protopine, coptisine, dehydrocorydaline, columbamine, dehydrocorydalmine.33 Overdosage is toxic. Analgesic, sedative, hypnotic, synergistic, increase coronary flow. 

No studies were found on the hypnotic activity of the phenolic acids however, the hypnotic activity of alkaloids is known. Dl-Tetrahydropalmatine (dl-THP), a naturally occurring alkaloid, has been intensively studied for its sedative and hypnotic effects. A putative explanation for its mechanism and target of action involves the dopaminergic neurotransmission system [371]. Reserpine, an alkaloid from Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. ex Kurz, was widely used for its antihypertensive action. Flowever, its use has been reduced because of its... 

An alkaloid, shobakunine, isolated from Mahonia philippinensis (134) and Archangelisia flava (152), was shown to be a mixture, possibly molecular, of berberine and palmatine, and its reduction product, tetrahydro-shobakunine, was either a compound or mixture of dZ-canadine and of dl-tetrahydropalmatine. 

Ye H, Yu L, Xu X, Zheng C, Lin W, Liu X, Chen G. Affinity capillary electrophoresis coupling with partial filling technique and field-amplified sample injection for enantiosepara-tion and determination of DL-tetrahydropalmatine. Electrophoresis 2010 31 2049-2054. 

Columbamine. (Items 1, 6, 9, 11, 18, 22 list, p. 328.) This base probably occurs among the phenolic alkaloids of ealumba root, but it has only been isolated in the form of dl-tetrahydrocolumbamine, Cj,H4gN(OH)(OMe)3, m.p. 223-4° (p. 291), which on methylation furnishes dZ-tetrahydropalmatine. 

Various species of Corydalis (fumewort, Fumariaceae) and Stephania (Jin bu huan) contain tetrahydropalmatine (1), which is the active constituent in Chinese Jin Bu Huan Anodyne tablets, sold on the Western market. The package insert suggested that Polygala chinensis is the source plant, but in reality this alkaloid comes from a species of Stephania. Both 1-tetrahydropalmatine and its racemic dl-form are used in Chinese medicine as analgesic and hypnotic agents. 

C. poAlida (Thunb.) Pere. Corypalline (44) Capauridine (45) Capaurimine (45) Capaurine (45) Scoulerine (45) d-Tetrahydropalmatine (45) di-Tetrabydropalmatine (45) FSl, CttHwOgN, m.p. 171" (45), yields dl-tetrahydro-palmatine on methyls-tion Protopine (45)... 

Constitution. dZ-Corypalmine is identical with tetrahydrojatrorrhizine and dl-isocorypalmine is identical with tetrahydrocolumbamine and both are monophenolic, being converted by methylation with diazomethane into dZ-tetrahydropalmatine. 

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) in combination with the partial filling technique and field-amplified sample injection was used for the separation of OL-tetrahydropalmatine (dl-THP). D- and l-THP could be resolved completely within 9 minutes when a 20-mM phosphate buffer with pH 7.4 containing 50-mM BSA was used in a 50- xm-i.d., uncoated, fused-silica capillary (65.2/57.6 cm total/ effective length). 

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