Diverter system

Solvent-divert system. Used in conjunction with an interface, it permits temporary interruption of the flow from a chromatograph to a mass spectrometer by briefly opening a valve to a pumping line. Thus effluent present at a high concentration (usually solvent) does not enter the mass spectrometer ion source. 

The most fundamental difference found between onshore and offshore drilling occurs when the wellhead is located at the seafloor. This configuration makes communication with the well more complex. A marine riser provides communication and circulation capability between the surface and the seafloor, and is used at some point during most offshore drilling. The riser consists of large-diameter (17-20) in.) steel pipe joints of approximately 50-ft lengths, with quick-connect couplings. The riser can be connected at the seafloor to a wellhead or to a subsea blowout preventer stack. A diverter system is usually attached at the... 

Offshore, well control equipment and associated operations present some differences from that seen and used onshore. In some instances onshore equipment can be employed, but the offshore environment generally dictates a modification of equipment and procedures. There are several different well configurations used offshore, often on the same well at different drilling intervals, and each configuration has specific well control procedures that should be followed. A well may be equipped with a surface blowout preventer stack a subsea blowout preventer stack, riser and diverter system a riser and diverter system with no blowout preventer a diverter only or a riserless system with no well control equipment. 

In deep water, it is common to find kick fluids trapped above the blowout preventer stack when the well is shut in. These fluids must be vented through the diverter system. 

It is common in many offshore areas to encounter a shallow gas hazard. Quite often, these hazards can be spotted on seismic, and a surface location is chosen to avoid the hazard. However, there is always a risk of encountering a shallow gas flow with insufficient casing in the well to allow a shut-in. In this instance a diverter system is called on as a safety measure. The ideal function of the diverter system is to allow the well to flow and subside by natural means. In many cases the diverter system simply provides enough time to evacuate the rig. 

Figure 4-501 shows a typical diverter system setup. The components of the system are the annular preventer, vent lines, the control system, and the conductor or structural casing. 

Drilling rig encountered shallow gas and riser system had leakage, no BOP installed and diverter system could not withstand blowout forces 1 Fatality, Rig totally destroyed... 

Figure 5. One pump divert system clamp and injection pump, Kw use...

Flickinger, W., "Energy Saving, One Pump Divert Systems", in HPM Now, (Fall 1977), HPM Corp., 820 Marion Road, Mount Gilead, Ohio 43338. 

Modifications to drilling diverter system that have not been previously approved. 

A diverter system should be included in the layout of the drilling rig equipment. The diverter system (diverter, vent line, vent line valves, and diverter and valve control systems) should be arranged in accordance with the requirements of API RP 64. 

A major advantage of this hydride approach lies in the separation of the remaining elements of the analyte solution from the element to be determined. Because the volatile hydrides are swept out of the analyte solution, the latter can be simply diverted to waste and not sent through the plasma flame Itself. Consequently potential interference from. sample-preparation constituents and by-products is reduced to very low levels. For example, a major interference for arsenic analysis arises from ions ArCE having m/z 75,77, which have the same integral m/z value as that of As+ ions themselves. Thus, any chlorides in the analyte solution (for example, from sea water) could produce serious interference in the accurate analysis of arsenic. The option of diverting the used analyte solution away from the plasma flame facilitates accurate, sensitive analysis of isotope concentrations. Inlet systems for generation of volatile hydrides can operate continuously or batchwise. 

In order to control the concentration of lower dibasic acid by-products in the system, a portion of the mother liquor stream is diverted to a purge treatment process. Following removal of nitric acid by distillation (Fig. 3, K), copper and vanadium catalyst are recovered by ion-exchange treatment (Fig. 

Control System. For quaUty control, a complete record of the control and operation of the HTST is kept with a safety thermal-limit recorder—controller (Fig. 9). The temperature of product leaving the holder tube, ahead of the FDV, is recorded and the forward or diverted flow of the FDV is determined. Various visual iadicators, operator temperature caUbration records, and thermometers also are provided. 

Recycling is not the total answer to the soUd waste problem. However, efficiently operated recycling programs can easily divert 35% or more of municipal soUd waste away from disposal. Curbside coUection systems offer the opportunity to coUect the greatest amount of recyclables in the most cost-efficient manner. It is imperative that communities and recyclers operate programs that are glass-friendly and which result in color-separated, contaminant-free material. 

System includes automatic actuation of most activities, with changing of feed lines to silos accomplished by diverter valves controlled automatically by process control computer. 

Particularly reasonably priced explosion isolation of systems involves the use of a relief pipe with which the flow direction can be diverted by 180°. It prevents flame jet ignition with precompression in constructionally protected equipment. If suction is present, explosion propagation can occur. To prevent this, the use of an additional extin-gui ing barrier or a rapid-action gate valve is necessary. If a diverter is installed where positive pressure feed is given, then the diverter is, in general, safe against an explosion propagation. 

Arresters or diverters are generally of the following types and the choice between them will depend upon the power frequency system voltage, characteristics of the voltage surges and the grounding system, i.e. 

Risk sensitivity results are also very useful in identifying key elements in your existing loss prevention program. For example, suppose your fire protection system was assumed to have a very low probability of failure because you test it weekly. Fire protection failures may not show up as an important contributor to your total risk (because failure is so unlikely), but your total risk estimate may be extremely sensitive to any change in the probability of fire protection failures. Flence you should not divert resources away from testing the fire protection system unless the alternate use of funds will decrease risk more than the reduced testing will increase risk. 

---