District heating systems Sweden

Sweden (one) have long experience with energy recovery systems, using shot-cleaned water tube boilers for electrical power production or self-cleaning gas tube boilers for steam and hot water production. One plant, Lilleby Metall, has installed a district heating system. 

In Table 9 the recent statistics of ATES utilisations in Sweden are presented. As can be seen the technology is so far preferably used for commercial and institutional buildings with small or medium sized applications. Large-scale plants are applied for some district heating and cooling systems while the industry sector only has a couple of systems applied for manufacturing industries. The rest represents cooling in the telecom sector. 

Opt-ins/opt-outs Sweden has used the possibility to opt in energy installations below 20 MW in district heating nets where total net capacity is above 20 MW. About 60 installations have been opted in to the emission trading system... 

In the United States, some 8000 MWe of biomass-fueled electricity generating capacity are installed primarily as combined heat and power production systems. In Europe biomass is mainly used for the provision of heat and, to a minor extent, for electricity production. In mral areas biomass is used traditionally for heating purposes. Electricity production has become more important in recent years due to environmentally motivated policy measures (e.g., the Feed-in Law for electricity from renewables in Germany, the C02-tax in Sweden). In average, however, only the use of firewood in households as well as industrial application in the wood processing industry are of major importance in Europe (for example, firewood covers almost 75% of biofuel use in Europe). The use of wood and other organic material for district heating is important in only a few countries (e.g., Denmark, Finland, Austria). 

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