Display bacterial

Compared to bacterial cells, which are identical within a given cell type (except for O antigen variations), animal cells display a wondrous diversity of structure, constitution, and function. Although each animal cell contains, in its genetic material, the instructions to replicate the entire organism, each differentiated... 

Alkali metal nitrates can be prepared by direct reaction of aqueous nitric acid on the appropriate hydroxide or carbonate. LiN03 is used for scarlet flares and pyrotechnic displays. Large deposits of NaN03 (saltpetre) are found in Chile and were probably formed by bacterial decay of small marine organisms the NH3 initially produced... 

The compound Au(dmamp)(02CMe)2 (dmamp = 2-Me2NC6H4) displays some anti-tumour activity and is undergoing tests on its anti-bacterial activity [200]. 

For example, a screening of 416 strains (71 bacterial strains, 45 actinomycetes, 59 yeast, 60 basidiomycetes, 33 marine fungi, and 148 filamentous fungi) has been performed to look for microorganisms that display reductase activity in the absence of oxidase activity [8b]. A new microorganism, Diplogdasinospora grovesii IMI... 

Photosynthetic reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides and bacteri-orhodopsin (BR) from purple membrane (PM) have been used for their unique optoelectronic properties and for their capability of providing light-induced proton and electron pumping. Once assembled they display extremely high thermal and temporal stability... 

The pecM gene encodes a protein of 297 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 32 kDa. The predicted PecM protein displays the characteristics of an integral membrane protein since it is largely hydrophobic, with potential trans-membrane domains. SubceUular firactionation confirmed that PecM is anchored into the bacterial inner membrane whereas PecS is... 

Pelletier I, J Altenbuchner (1995) A bacterial esterase is homologous with non-haem haloperoxidases and displays brominating activity. Microbiology (UK) 141 459-468. 

A number of bacterial strains with monooxygenase activity have been described, and different types of MMO have played important roles in the degradation of a range of aliphatic componnds. MMO may exist in either a soluble (sMMO) form that has been more extensively studied or in a particulate (pMMO) form. These forms display different substrate ranges and different rates of transformation rates, and most methanotrophs express only the particnlate form of the enzyme (Hanson and Hanson 1996). 

This approach is not restricted to bacterial or viral cells. Mammalian cells under highly proliferating conditions can be cultured at increasing exposure to a compound in attempts to create resistant mutants. Alternatively, one can sometimes use a structural biology approach to predict amino acid changes that would abrogate inhibitor affinity from study of enzyme-inhibitor complex crystal structures. If the recombinant mutant enzyme displays the diminished inhibitor potency expected, one can then devise ways of expressing the mutant enzyme in a cell type of interest and look to see if the cellular phenotype is likewise abolished by the mutation. 

We have already used the interactions of methotrexate with dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) several times within this text to illustrate some key aspects of enzyme inhibition. The reader will recall that methotrexate binds to both the free enzyme and the enzyme-NADPH binary complex but displays much greater affinity for the latter species. The time dependence of methotrexate binding to bacterial DHFR was studied by Williams et al. (1979) under conditions of saturating [NADPH], In the presence of varying concentrations of methotrexate, the progress curves for DHFR activity became progressively more nonlinear (Figure 6.14). The value of kobs from... 

Jacobsson, K., and Frykberg, L. (1995). Cloning of ligand-binding domains of bacterial receptors by phage display. BioTechniques 18, 878-885. 

Daugherty, PS. (2007) Protein engineering with bacterial display. Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 17,... 

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