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Dispersions of Solid Particles in Fluids

As described earlier, when a solid particle or a liquid drop is broken down in size the free energy of the system increases (because the magnitude of surface area per [Pg.154]

The surface tension of the system can also be changed by grinding with liquid, thus decreasing interfacial tension. This gives rise to a variety of parameters since, by adding suitable chemicals (electrolytes or surface-active agents), one can modify the end-product properties. Conversely, the size of crystals formed from a supersaturated solution of a substance is related to the surface tension (at the solid-liquid interface). Thus, to obtain fine crystals, a suitable detergent is added, and thus, finer crystals are obtained. [Pg.155]

In the past few decades, a specific kind of colloidal system based on monodis-perse size has been developed for various industrial applications. A variety of metal oxides and hydroxides and polymer lattices have been produced. Monodisperse systems are obviously preferred since their properties can be easily predicted. On the other hand, polydisperse systems will exhibit varying characteristics, depending on the degree of polydispersity. [Pg.155]


H. Shear viscosity of dispersions of solid particles in fluids References and notes for Chapter 13... [Pg.18]

H. Shear Viscosity of Dispersions of Solid Particles in Fluids... [Pg.569]

Colloidal systems exist in both nature and industry and can consist of either solids or liquids dispersed in either fluids or gases. Blood is a dispersion of the red blood cells (which are similar to self-assembling colloids) in serum and emulsions or microemulsions (see Chapter 8) are dispersions of oil in water or water in oil. Fog, mist, and smoke are dispersions of small particles in gases, while pollution control deals with dispersions of solid particles in air. Foams (dispersion of liquid in a gas at relatively high volume fractions of liquid) are familiar from toothpastes to beer. Many industrial processes make use of colloidal dispersions of solid particles in fluids to tailor the hydrodynamic properties of the fluid or sometimes to produce a system with large amount of internal surface area for catalytic applications. [Pg.215]


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