Relative decrease

The modulus of elasticity of volume, or bulk modulus of elasticity, of a fluid under specified conditions, is the ratio of any small increase of pressure to the resulting relative decrease of volume. We shall refer to this simply as the elasticity. 

Heat transfer can, of course, be increased by increasing the agitator speed. An increase in speed by 10 will increase the relative heat transfer by 10. The relative power input, however, will increase by 10In viscous systems, therefore, one rapidly reaches the speed of maximum net heat removal beyond which the power input into the batch increases faster than the rate of heat removal out of the batch. In polymerization systems, the practical optimum will be significantly below this speed. The relative decrease in heat transfer coefficient for anchor and turbine agitated systems is shown in Fig. 9 as a function of conversion in polystyrene this was calculated from the previous viscosity relationships. Note that the relative heat transfer coefficient falls off less rapidly with the anchor than with the turbine. The relative heat transfer coefficient falls off very little for the anchor at low Reynolds numbers however, this means a relatively small decrease in ah already low heat transfer coefficient in the laminar region. In the regions where a turbine is effective,... 

On the basis of calculations the reductions of depositions and air concentrations of all selected POPs in each particular European countries are evaluated. The relative and absolute reduction of PCDD/Fs deposition over Central and Eastern European countries in comparison with relative emission changes is given in Figures 5(a) and (b). For the considered period the maximum relative decrease in PCDD/Fs depositions was obtained for Bulgaria and Belarus (about 3 times) (Figure 5(a)). At that the character of relative decrease in PCDD/Fs total depositions did not completely coincide with that of emissions. It can partly be explained by the influence of trans-boundary transport of PCDD/Fs and by the impact of re-emission flux in these countries. The highest absolute reduction was observed in Russia, Ukraine and Poland (Figure 5(b)). 

Each of these amylases causes a rapid decrease in the viscosity of starch pastes and the rapid disappearance from its reaction mixtures of products that give color with iodine. During the early stages of the hydrolysis of starch, the relative decrease in the viscosity of the substrates for hydrolysates of equivalent reducing value is most marked... 

Fig. 14.8 illustrates the relative decrease of the diffusion coefficient upon binding to the target. It reveals that for large differences in mass the change in the diffusion coefficient is large. 

For first-order reactions then, there is no compressibility term in the expression for In k, no matter what concentration scale is used. For higher order reactions involving molar concentrations, Eq. (22) could be applied when accurate rate data are available. Whether Eq. (27) should be applied depends on the method used for obtaining the data. If a spectrophotometric determination of the relative decrease in [A] is used, a relative measure of (d In k/dp)T is obtained from Eq. (27). If an absolute determination of [A] can be made at various times, Eq. (24) can be used directly, and k and (d In k/dp)T can be immediately obtained. The situation is easily generalized to higher order kinetics. In some cases, where AVf < 0 and the method of measurement detects [A] but not [X ], there may be a slight displacement of the quasi-equilibrium with pressure which leads to different initial concentrations of A. When AVf can be determined from Eq. (22), it may appear pressure-dependent, i.e.,... 

The relative decrease Atq of the pulse duration depends approximately linearly on when 2 < 0 (Fig.31). For 2 > 0, at high powers (e.g. ppeak > 2 in Fig.31), the relative increase of the pulse duration is also almost linear. In this case, such propagation is possible when the pulse duration virtually does not depend on the power of the initial beam. This might result from a balance between the self-focusing effect which decreases the pulse duration (dashed line in Fig.31) and the normal GVD effect which broadens the pulse. 

The data provided by these measurements are presented In this paper In terms of a parameter that measures the extent and degree of molecular mobility. M2J is an empirical second moment of the frequency spectrum of the NMR signal (25), truncated here at 16 kHz (26), and Is Inversely related to the average molecular mobility of the specimen. Thus the relative decrease In 2 Is a sensitive measure of the extent and degree of mobility acquired by rigid molecular structures as a result of their destabilization by thermal or solvent treatment. 

The polymer particles decrease in stability during intervals II and in since the total polymer particle surface area increases and the coverage of the surface with surfactant decreases. The relative decrease in particle stability appears to be insufficient to cause coalescence as long as stirring is maintained since N is generally observed to be constant. In some systems, however, the stability decreases sufficiently to cause the particles to coalesce and N decreases with conversion [Blackley, 1975]. 

Lower cortisol levels in the face of normal ACTH levels can reflect a relatively decreased adrenal output. Yet under circumstances of classic adrenal insufficiency, there is usually increased ACTH release compared to normal levels. Thus, in PTSD there may be an additional component of feedback on the pituitary that is acting to depress ACTH levels, making them appear normal. Indeed, elevations in ACTH would be expected not only from a reduced adrenal output but also from increased CRF stimulation (Baker et al. 1999 Bremner et al. 1997). On the other hand, the adrenal output in PTSD may be relatively decreased, but not substantially enough to affect ACTH levels, hi any event, the normal ACTH levels in PTSD in the context of the other findings suggest a more complex model of the regulatory influences on the pituitary in this disorder than reduced adrenal insufficiency. 

Last choice 2nd-generation cephalosporin given relative decreased activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and increased side effects... 

An important result of the theoretical studies of the multipair effects is that the recombination kinetics in a cluster of ions, in which the initial separation between neighboring cations is 1 nm, is faster than the corresponding decay kinetics of a single ion pair [18]. Furthermore, the escape probability is lower than the Onsager value [Eq. (15)], and decreases with increasing number of ion pairs in the cluster (a relative decrease of about 30% for two ion pairs, and about 50% for five ion pairs). The average electron escape probability in radiation tracks obviously depends on the distribution of ionization events in the tracks, which is determined by the type of radiations and their energy. 

High temperature combustion at a nearly stoichiometric fuel-air ratio produced substantially different trends. While the behavior of sulfur and zinc did not change significantly, the fine particles contained large amounts of aluminum, silicon, and calcium. Iron made up a relatively small amount of the fine particles in this case. The difference between the two experiments is probably due to increased vaporization of the refractory species at higher combustion temperatures. The relative decrease in fine particle iron may result from dilution with silicon and, to a lesser extent, aluminum and calcium. 

Figure lA, B. Leaching results one month after catalyst preparation and relative decrease in Pd leaching compared to the leaching of a fresh catalyst... 

---