Electrodeless discharge

Electrical units 503, 519 Electrification due to wiping 77 Electro-analysis see Electrolysis and Electrogravimetry Electrochemical series 63 Electro-deposition completeness of, 507 Electrode potentials 60 change of during titration, 360 Nernst equation of, 60 reversible, 63 standard 60, (T) 62 Electrode reactions 505 Electrodeless discharge lamps 790 Electrodes antimony, 555 auxiliary, 538, 545 bimetallic, 575... 

EDL Electrodeless discharge lamp ETA AES Electrothermal atomisation atomic... 

Strong evidence in favor of mechanism B was obtained when it was discovered that singlet oxygen produced chemically by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydrochlorite or from gaseous oxygen excited by an electrodeless discharge yields the same products as the direct photolysis/85-8 ... 

Additionally, advanced tools for special applications are offered, including provisions for parallel reflux, solvent extraction, and hydrolysis, as well as electrodeless discharge lamps for photochemistry (Fig. 3.10). A detailed description of these accessories can be found on the Milestone website [11],... 

UV radiation, certainly not sufficient to disrupt the bonds of common organic molecules. We therefore assume that, essentially, photoinitiation is responsible for a chemical change and MW radiation subsequently affects the course of the reaction. The objective of microwave photochemistry is frequently, but not necessarily, connected to the electrodeless discharge lamp (EDL) which generates UV radiation when placed in the MW field. 

The microwave photochemical reactor is an essential tool for experimental work in this field. Such equipment enables simultaneous irradiation of the sample with both MW and UV/VIS radiation. The idea of using an electrodeless lamp (EDL), in which the discharge is powered by the MW field, for photochemistry was bom half a century ago [46, 68]. The lamp was originally proposed as a source of UV radiation only,... 

A microwave-assisted, high-temperature, and high-pressure UV digestion reactor has been developed by Florian and Knapp [44] for analytical purposes. The apparatus consists of the immersed electrodeless discharge lamp operating as a result of the MW field in the oven cavity (Fig. 14.8). An antenna fixed to the top of EDL enhanced the EDL excitation efficiency. Another interesting MW-UV reactor has... 

Ideally, the emission line used should have a half-width less than that of the corresponding absorption line otherwise equation (8.4) will be invalidated. The most suitable and widely used source which fulfils this requirement is the hollow-cathode lamp, although interest has also been shown in microwave-excited electrodeless discharge tubes. Both sources produce emission lines whose halfwidths are considerably less than absorption lines observed in flames because Doppler broadening in the former is less and there is negligible collisional broadening. 

EDL stands for electrodeless discharge lamp. It is an alternative to the hollow cathode lamp as a light source in atomic absorption spectroscopy. 

Electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) emit radiation as a result of radio frequencies providing the exciting energy. 

Figure S.4 shows a calibration graph of arsenic concentrations obtained by using a Perkin Elmer 2100 atomic-absorption system bnked to a P.S. Analytical hydride/vapour generator (PSA 10.003). An electrically heated tube has been used in this work and the spectral source was an electrodeless discharge lamp. Alternatively, a flame-heated tube can be used.

Mechanisms such as the brush light arc, the charged water bubble, afterglow phenomena, and diffusion combustion of small gas admixts in air have been suggested, and explain one or more features of the phenomenon but fail to explain others. High-frequency electrodeless discharges have some of its features. 

As we have seen, a narrow line source is required for AAS. Although in the early days vapour discharge lamps were used for some elements, these are rarely used now because they exhibit self-absorption. The most popular source is the hollow-cathode lamp, although electrodeless discharge lamps are popular for some elements. 

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