Direction factor pressure effect

The main aim of the present work has been to study the effects of the direct factors (which determine the coking rate in steam reforming) on the length of the induction period of coking and various ways of catalyst pretreatment (without or with the initiation of coking at a relatively high partial pressure of hydrocarbon) on the steady-state rate of coking,... 

Because of volume changes due to the reaction, pressure gradients may occur inside the catalyst pellet. This can give rise to two effects. First, it influences the effective diffusion coefficients, since the gas-phase diffusion coefficients depend on pressure. Second, the pressure gradients affect the concentrations (or more accurately, chemical activities), which determine the reaction rate. Hence pressure gradients must directly influence the effectiveness factor. 

Toxicity and Safety Factors. Hemodynamic effects caused by capillary blockade show a direct relationship between the size and number of microspheres injected (Mishkin and Brashear 1971). To avoid an overdose of microspheres, the parameters causing an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure were systematically investigated (Allen et al. 1978 Davis and Taube 1978 Harding et al. 1973 Heyman 1979). 

Most of the dermatoses of musicians are caused by physical factors (pressure, friction, sweating and occlusion). After hours and years of practice, musicians develop hyperkeratosis, lichenification, folliculitis, erythema, hyperpigmentation, minor wounds or fissures at skin sites typical for the instrument in question. The intensity of skin effects is directly correlated with the length of daily practice (Grandolfo... 

Other Factors. Several other factors influence the nature of the pyrolysis process and the direction it takes, some to a lesser extent and others to a greater extent. These include the size of the coal particles, size and configuration of the coal bed, pressure (or vacuum) under which the process is operated, presence of various inorganic materials in the coal, secondary reactions, and others. Although it is beyond the scope of this chapter to consider these items, interested readers can find additional information in the literature. These sources include reports on pressure effects, effects of vacuum,effects of... 

Products are affected dimensionally by the difference between their forming temperature and their product-use temperature. Thus, a plastic s coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction has a significant effect on service conditions. The thermoforming pressure, time, and temperature variations that can exist will affect the final dimensions. Of these factors, evenness in heating throughout the sheet thickness before forming is usually the most important control. Type of heater has a direct effect on obtaining uniform heat... 

---