Diphenylethan acid

Styrene undergoes many reactions of an unsaturated compound, such as addition, and of an aromatic compound, such as substitution (2,8). It reacts with various oxidising agents to form styrene oxide, ben2aldehyde, benzoic acid, and other oxygenated compounds. It reacts with benzene on an acidic catalyst to form diphenylethane. Further dehydrogenation of styrene to phenylacetylene is unfavorable even at the high temperature of 600°C, but a concentration of about 50 ppm of phenylacetylene is usually seen in the commercial styrene product. 

Benzyl chloride readily forms a Grignard compound by reaction with magnesium in ether with the concomitant formation of substantial coupling product, 1,2-diphenylethane [103-29-7]. Benzyl chloride is oxidized first to benzaldehyde [100-52-7] and then to benzoic acid. Nitric acid oxidizes directly to benzoic acid [65-85-0]. Reaction with ethylene oxide produces the benzyl chlorohydrin ether, CgH CH20CH2CH2Cl (18). Benzylphosphonic acid [10542-07-1] is formed from the reaction of benzyl chloride and triethyl phosphite followed by hydrolysis (19). 

In an attempt to study the behavior and chemistry of coal in ionic liquids, 1,2-diphenylethane was chosen as a model compound and its reaction in acidic pyri-dinium chloroaluminate(III) melts ([PyHjCl/AlCb was investigated [69]. At 40 °C, 1,2-diphenylethane undergoes a series of alkylation and dealkylation reactions to give a mixture of products. Some of the products are shown in Scheme 5.1-40. Newman also investigated the reactions of 1,2-diphenylethane with acylating agents such as acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride in the pyridinium ionic liquid [70] and with alcohols such as isopropanol [71]. 

In the case of a number of vicinal difluoro systems, such as 2,3-difluoro-2,3-diphenylethane or 2,3-difluorosuccinic acid derivatives, the coupling systems are AA XX, which means that they will produce second-order spectra (see Chapter 2, Section 2.3.5). A case in point is the fluorine and proton spectra of 1,2-difluoroethane, which have been... 

Aryl methyl ketones have been obtained [4, 5] by a modification of the cobalt-catalysed procedure for the synthesis of aryl carboxylic acids (8.3.1). The cobalt tetracarbonyl anion is converted initially by iodomethane into the methyltetra-carbonyl cobalt complex, which reacts with the haloarene (Scheme 8.13). Carboxylic acids are generally obtained as by-products of the reaction and, in several cases, it is the carboxylic acid which predominates. Unlike the carbonylation of haloarenes to produce exclusively the carboxylic acids [6, 7], the reaction does not need photoinitiation. Replacement of the iodomethane with benzyl bromide leads to aryl benzyl ketones in low yield, e.g. 1-bromonaphthalene produces the benzyl ketone (15%), together with the 1-naphthoic acid (5%), phenylacetic acid (15%), 1,2-diphenylethane (15%), dibenzyl ketone (1%), and 56% unchanged starting material [4,5]. a-Bromomethyl ketones dimerize in the presence of cobalt octacarbonyl and... 

Hexestrol Hexestrol, 4,4 -(l,2-diethylethylene)diphenol (28.1.29), is a derivative of a,j3-diphenylethane, and it is a synthetic estrogen. Hexestrol is made in a Wurtz dimerization reaction of l-bromo-l-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane (28.1.27) in the presence of sodium, magnesium, aluminum, or iron. The initial l-bromo-l-(4-methoxyphenyl)propane (28.1.27) is made in turn by addition reaction of hydrogen bromide to 4-methoxy-l-propenylbenzene. Subsequent removal of the methoxy protective groups from the resulting dimerization product (28.1.28) using hydroiodic acid gives hexestrol (28.1.29) [37-43]. 

N 15.47% crysts (from acet ac), mp 157° was prepd by addg 1,1-diphenylethane to nitric acid (d 1-35) St coned sulfuric acid at 30—35° (Ref 6). No expl props were reported... 

The following portions of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (21 USC Sec. 812) define the five schedules for controlled substances and specify the substances included in each schedule. Note that in order to comply with the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, signed at Vienna, Austria, on February 21, 1971, pipradrol and SPA (also known as (-)-l-dimethylamino-l,2-diphenylethane) were added to Schedule 4. By amendment in 2000 GHB (gamma hydroxybutyric acid) was added to Schedule 1.]... 

The C-F bonds in l,l-difluoro-l,2-diphenylcthane (5) are resistant to several reducing agents the substrate is recovered unchanged after exposure to 2% sodium amalgam in ethanol or to zinc dust in refluxing ethanol and refluxing acetic acid. It is only partially converted into a mixture of 1,2-diphenylethane and ( )-l,2-diphenylethene with lithium aluminum hydride in refluxing dibutyl ether. On the other hand, catalytic reduction over palladium catalyst is completely successful.74... 

The quenching of - -t by 1-methylpyrrole in nonpolar solvents results in the formation of a fluorescent exciplex, but no adduct formation (117). Irradiation in acetonitrile (anhydrous or aqueous) solution produces 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylbutane (65) in low yield. Formation of adducts 75 and 76 and 1,2-diphenylethane (64) is observed upon irradiation in acetic acid solution and attributed to protonation of t-lT followed by coupling of the 1,2-diphenylethyl radical and 1-methylpyrrole cation radical and deprotonation of the coupling product ... 

A similar sequence probably accounts for the formation of 50% (40%) 1-clilo-ro- (1-bromo-) -2-methoxy-2-phenylpropionic acid by electrolysis of cinnamic acid in CH30H/NH4C1 (NH4Br)as SSE 271 Electrolysis of irans-stilbene in me-thanol/NH4Br produces eryr ro-stilbene dibromide and l-methoxy-2-bromo-1,2-diphenylethane 1 °4-1 in fair yields. 

The moderate Lewis acidity of ruthenium complexes was used to promote catalytic Diels-Alder reaction of dienes and acrolein derivatives [21-23]. The enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction of methacrolein with dienes was catalyzed with cationic ruthenium complexes containing an arene or cyclo-pentadienyl (Cp) ligand and a chiral ligand such as phosphinooxazoline, pyridyl-oxazoline, monoxidized 2,2 -bis(diphenylphosphino)-1, T-binaphthyl (BINPO)or l,2-bis[bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphanyloxy]-l,2-diphenylethane (BIPHOP-F). The reaction gave the cycloadduct in high yields with excellent... 

In 1838, Justus von Liebig found that treating benzil (l,2-diphenylethan-l,2-dione) with hydroxide gave, after acid quench, 2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acid, which he called benzilic acid . 

Diphenylacetaldehyde has been prepared by the isomerization of 1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-diphenylethane either thermally 4 or in the presence of sulfuric acid 5 7, oxalic acid,8 or acetic anhydride.9 The aldehyde has also been produced by the reaction of 2,2-diphcnyl-2-hydroxyethyl ether with sulfuric acid78 or oxalic acid,s 10 by the reaction of hydrochloric acid with 2-amino-1,1-diphenylothano]," by the reaction of hydrobromic acid with 2-diethylamino-l, 1-diphcnylelhanol,12 by the hydrolysis of /3,/3-diplienylvinyl ethyl ether,13 by the thermal rearrangement of... 

A convenient approach to diaryl C-substituted tetrazocanes 62 involved an acid-catalyzed condensation of urea and l,2-diphenylethane-l,2-dione (Equation 20) <1993MI38>. 

A CSP based on the analogues 3,5-dinitrobenzoylated 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine (DNB-DPEDA) (see Fig. 9.26a) [349-353] has been commercialized by Regis under the tradename Ulmo. This CSP has proven to be excellent for the direct separation of aryl alcohol enantiomers without derivatization (see Fig. 9.26b) [349,351]. This improved Pirkle-concept CSP, that contains also ir-acidic as well as moderate n-basic aromatic binding sites, nicely resolved a wide variety of chiral drugs [350] and compounds of pharmaceutical interest [352]. 

Another chiral bimetallic Lewis acid 56 prepared from phenylboronic acid and l-tartaric acid by azeotropic distillation selects 1,6-diaminohexane over 1,2-diami-noethane by using two boron centers and two carbonyl oxygens (Fig. 22) [64b]. In the interaction with l,2-diamino-l,2-diphenylethane, 56 chooses a different complexation pattern by recognizing the chirality of the amines. In both examples the carbonyl groups in 56 play essential roles as Lewis basic sites. 

C15H13N02 3-fluorenyl acethydroxamic acid 22225-32-7 25.00 1.1877 2 28387 C15H16 3-methyl-1,2-diphenylethane 34403-06-0 23.75 0.9811 2... 

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