Diphenyl- - 3-nitro

Electron Transport Between Photosystem I and Photosystem II Inhibitors. The interaction between PSI and PSII reaction centers (Fig. 1) depends on the thermodynamically favored transfer of electrons from low redox potential carriers to carriers of higher redox potential. This process serves to communicate reducing equivalents between the two photosystem complexes. Photosynthetic and respiratory membranes of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain stmctures that serve to oxidize low potential quinols while reducing high potential metaHoproteins (40). In plant thylakoid membranes, this complex is usually referred to as the cytochrome b /f complex, or plastoquinolplastocyanin oxidoreductase, which oxidizes plastoquinol reduced in PSII and reduces plastocyanin oxidized in PSI (25,41). Some diphenyl ethers, eg, 2,4-dinitrophenyl 2 -iodo-3 -methyl-4 -nitro-6 -isopropylphenyl ether [69311-70-2] (DNP-INT), and the quinone analogues,... 

In the first synthesis of T, the diphenyl ether was formed from -methoxyphenol and 3,4,5-triiodonitrobenzene. The nitro group was replaced by a nitril which was then built up into the alanyl side chain by a series of steps (10). 

IV-Methylation of polysubstituted pyridazinones is frequently accompanied by some side reactions, mainly substitutions. For example, methylation of 4-nitro-5,6-diphenyl-pyridazin-3(2//)-one with methyl iodide in the presence of sodium methoxide affords... 

A Hammett relationship of the form ApK = 5.8am has been proposed for 4-substituted pyrazoles (74TL1609) in order to explain the effect of 4-nitro ApK = 4.5, am = 0.71) and 4-diazo groups (Apiifa = 10.0, am = 1.76). The acidity constants of a series of pyrazolidine-3,5-diones have been determined (75AJC1583) and the 4- -butyl-1,2-diphenyl derivative phenylbutazone has a pK of 4.33. 

Ethylene, /3-(dimethylamino)-nitro-in pyrrole synthesis, 4, 334 Ethylene, dithienyl-in photochromic processes, 1, 387 Ethylene, furyl-2-nitro-dipole moments, 4, 555 Ethylene, l-(3-indolyl)-2-(pyridyl)-photocyclization, 4, 285 Ethylene, l-(2-methyl-3-indolyl)-l,2-diphenyl-synthesis, 4, 232 Ethylene, (phenylthio)-photocyclization thiophenes from, 4, 880 Ethylene carbonate C NMR, 6, 754 microwave spectroscopy, 6, 751 photochemical chlorination, 6, 769 synthesis, 6, 780 Ethylene oxide as pharmaceutical, 1, 157 thiophene synthesis from, 4, 899 Ethylene sulfate — see 2,2-dioxide under 1,3,2-Dioxathiolane... 

H-1,2-Oxazine, 3,6-dihydro-6-(2-pyridyl)-mass spectra, 2, 529 2H-1,2-Oxazine, tetrahydro-synthesis, 2, 92 4H-l,2-Oxazine, 5,6-dihydro-pyrolysis, 3, 999 synthesis, 3, 1017 tautomerism, 3, 999 4H-1,2-Oxazine, 5,6-dihydro-3-methyl-metallation, 1, 484 4H-l,2-Oxazine, 5,6-dihydro-3-nitro-reactions, 3, 1000 6H-l,2-Oxazine, 3,5-diphenyl-stability, 3, 997 synthesis, 3, 1014... 

Pyridine, 2-(dimethylamino)-5-nitro-nitration, 2, 189 Pyridine, 3,5-dinitro-conformation, 2, 110 Pyridine, 3,5-diphenyl-synthesis, 2, 0... 

A yield of 84 per cent of u-nitrodiphenyl ether boiling at i83-i85°/8 mm. is obtained when o-nitrochloro benzene is used. For the preparation of j-nitro diphenyl ether, the method of Ullmann and Sponagel, using m-bromonitrobenzene, seems to be the best, since m-chloro nitrobenzene gives large amounts of tarry matter. 

Nitrodiphenyl ether has been prepared by heating p-nitro-chlorobenzene with potassium phenoxide and phenoD and by the nitration of diphenyl ether. ... 

A/-Benzenesulfenyl, 600 A/-oNitrobenzenesulfenyl, 600 A/-2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl, 601 A/-Pentachlorobenzenesu Ifeny1, 601 A/-2-N itro-4-methoxybenzenesulfenyl, 602 A/-Triphenylmethylsulfenyl, 602 A/-1-(2,2,2-Trifluoro-1,1-diphenyl)ethylsulfenyl, 602 A/-3-Nitro-2-pyridinesulfenyl, 602... 

Greater para than ortho deactivation is seen in the hydrolysis (HCl in AcOH, 100°, 1 hr) of the nitro group in 5,6-diphenyl-2-nitro-3-pyrazinone (218) but not in 6-phenyl- or 3,6-diphenyl-2-nitro-5-pyrazinone (219). Similarly, acid hydrolysis of a 2-bfomo substituent in 3-pyrazinone, but not in 5-pyrazinone, is readily accomplished. All flve of these pyrazinones are stable in strong alkali or alkoxide as a result of complete anionization. Decreased reactivity of... 

Tile same methodology as mentioned for the preparation of (9) was applied for the synthesis of 8-nitro-l,6-naphthyridines. Heating diethyl N- 3-nitropyridin-4-yl)aminomethylenemalonate (12) in diphenyl ether yields ethyl 8-nitro-l,6-naphthyridin-4(lH)-one 3-carboxylate (13) (63JCS4237, 30%) and acid treatment of 4-( y, y-diethoxypropylamino)-5-nitro-2-(/3,/3 -trifluoroethoxy)-pyridine (14) gives in a similar way 8-nitro-5-(/3, /3-triflu-oroethoxy)-l,2-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridine (15, 76%). Subsequent oxidation with chloranil, acid hydrolysis, and methylation with methyl iodide gives 8-nitro-6-methyl-l,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (16,63%) (81JHC941). 

Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the anthranilic acid derivatives, 72, on ortho-bromonitrobenzene affords the diphenyl-amine, 73. The ester is then saponified and the nitro group reduced to the amine (74). Cyclization of the resulting amino acid by heat affords the lactam (75). Alkylation on the amide nitrogen with 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride by means of sodium amide affords dibenzepine (76). ... 

Stabilizer ethyl ethyl ethyl ethyl ethyl 2-nitro diphenyl-... 

The oxidation of sulphoxides containing aromatic groups such as methyl phenyl sulphoxide and diphenyl sulphoxide proceeds at 20 30°C in low yields in the presence of sulphuric acid as solvent12. However the product is usually contaminated with compounds containing nitro groups in the aromatic nucleus, as indicated in equation (6). 

Acetic acid, nitro-, methyl ester, 55, 77, 78 Acetic acid, trifluoro-, 55 70 Acetonitrile, diphenyl-, 55, 94, 102 Acetonitrile, diphenyl-2-(l-ethoxyethenyl)-[ Acetonitrile, diphenyl-2-(l-ethoxy-vinyl)-, 55, 102... 

Die Reduktion von Nitro-benzolen zu 1,2-Diphenyl-hydrazinen (Hy dr azobenzol) wurde ausfiihrlich in ds. Handb., Bd. X/2, S. 703—705, Vorschrift, Apparatur) besproehen. Die Reduktion wird im Alkalischen an einer Eisen/Zink-Kathode durchgefiihrt, naheres s.Bd. X/2. 

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