Dipeptidylpeptidase IV

Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (also known as CD26) cleaves neuropeptide Y, and peptide YY to generate their subtype-selective fragments NPY3 36 and PYY3 36. 

NPY is primarily (but not exclusively) synthesised and released by neurons, which in the peripheral nervous system are predominantly sympathetic neurons [1]. In most cases, NPY acts as a co-transmitter that is preferentially released upon high frequency nerve stimulation. NPY can be metabolised by the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase IV (also known as CD26) to generate the biologically active fragment NPY3 36. 

L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine 4-Dihydroxyphenylethylamine Dimeric Transcription Factors Dioxins Dipeptidase Dipeptidylpeptidase Dipeptidylpeptidase IV Direct Thrombin Inhibitors Discharge of Neurons... 

Christopherson KW 2nd, Hangoc G, Broxmeyer HE. Cell surface peptidase CD26/ dipeptidylpeptidase IV regulates CXCL12/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha-mediated chemotaxis of human cord blood CD34+ progenitor cells. J Immunol 2002 169(12) 7000-7008. 

L. A. Frohman, T. R. Downs, E. P. Heimer, A. M. Febx, Dipeptidylpeptidase IV and Trypsin-Like Enzymatic Degradation of Human Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Plasma , J. Clin. Invest. 1989, 83, 1533-1540. 

Several fluorine-containing drugs are currently in development for the treatment of diabetes. These are peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor (PPAR) agonists, aldose reductase, and dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors. 

The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin by acting on the pancreas to potentiate glucose-induced insulin secretion. GLP-1 is rapidly cleaved by serine protease dipeptidylpeptidase IV. The inhibitors of DDP-IV are new drugs for the oral treatment of type 2 diabetes. 

There are at least three peptidases in the brush border of the small intestine Aminopeptidase A, which has an affinity for peptide-bound acid amino acids (11), aminopeptidase N, which has a broad specificity (12), and dipeptidylpeptidase IV, which releases dipeptides from the N-terminal end of peptides with a preference for X-PRO terminals (13). In Table III are shown the effect of a low concentration ofThe LMW fraction on the activity of these enzymes in extracts of hog intestine. Aminopeptidase N was found to be strongly inhibited by 0.25 mg/ml of the fraction. Aminopeptidase A and dipeptidylpeptidase IV were not inhibited. 

Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (EC 3.4.11.5 postproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase CD26) is a serine protease located in the plasma membrane. Notable neuropeptide substrates include substance P. neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and enterostatin. Inhibitors include diprotin A (lle-Pro-lle) and diprotin B (Val-Pro-Leu)... 

Diprosone betamethasone. diprOtin A is a tripeptide that is an ENZYME INHIBITOR with selectivity as an aminopeptidase inhibitor active against dipeptidylpeptidase IV (EC 3.4.11). It can be used as a pharmacological tool in experimental analytical studies, dipyridamole [ban, inn, usan] (Persantin ) is a pyrimidine derivative, a coronary VASODILATOR, a (class la) ANTIARRHYTHMIC, an adenosine UPTAKE INHIBITOR causing indirect adenosine receptor activation, and enhances effects of anticoagulants and is a platelet AGGREGATION INHIBITOR. 

Peptidases. Others members of the serine protease family, cleave oligopeptides and do not necessarily act on proteins. These include two peptidases of particular interest (dipeptidylpeptidase IV and proline endopeptidase). See also AMINOPEPTIDASE INHIBITORS CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITORS ... 

Green BD, Flatt PR, Bailey CJ (2006) Inhibition of dipeptidylpeptidase IV activity as a therapy of type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 11 525-539... 

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