Dinophysis acuta

Miles, C.O., Wilkins, A.L., Mimday, R., Dines, M.H., Hawkes, A.D., Briggs, L.R., Sandvik, M., Jensen, D.J., Cooney, J.M., Holland, P.T., Quilliam, M.A., MacKenzie, A.L., Beuzenberg, V, and Towers, N.R. 2004a. Isolation of pectenotoxin-2 from Dinophysis acuta and its conversion to pectenotoxin-2 seco acid, and preliminary assessment of their acute toxici-ties. Toxicon 43, 1—9. 

Puente, PE, Saez, M.IE, Hamilton, B., Furey, A., and James, K.I 2004a. Studies of polyether toxins in the marine phytoplankton, Dinophysis acuta, in Ireland using multiple tandem mass spectrometry. Toxicon 44, 919-926. 

Suzuki, T, Beuzenberg, V, Mackenzie, L., and Quilliam, M.A. 2003. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of spiroketal stereoisomers of pectenotoxins and the analysis of novel pectenotoxin isomers in the toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuta from New Zealand. J Chromatogr A 992, 141-150. 

Vale, E 2004. Differential dynamics of dinophysistoxins and pectenotoxins between blue mussel and common cockle a phenomenon originating from the complex toxin profile of Dinophysis acuta. Toxicon 44, 123-134. 

In plankton samples reach in Dinophysis acuta, the presence of a diol ester with a C8 chain was demonstrated in a sample from New Zealand (Suzuki et al. 2004). However, the alkaline lydrofysis methodology, which had led previously to suspecting the presence of esters in the New Zealand samples, did not show the presence of esters in D. fortii samples from Japan (Suzuki et al. 1999). In boiled samples of D. acuminata and D. acuta harvested in Portugal, and D. acuminata harvested in... 

Suzuki, T., Beuzenburg, V., MacKenzie, L., and QuiUiam, M. A. (2004) Discovery of okadaic acid esters in the toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuta from New Zealand using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 18, 1131-1138. 

Vale, P. and Sampayo, M.A., Dinophysistoxin-2 A rare diarrhoeic toxin associated with Dinophysis acuta, Toxicon, 38, 1599, 2000. 

Reguera, B., Bravo, L, and Fraga, S., Autoecology and some life history stages of Dinophysis acuta Ehrenberg, J. Plankton Res., 17, 999, 1995. 

Pizarro, G. et al.. Growth, behaviour and cell toxin quota of Dinophysis acuta Ehrenberg during a daily cycle. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser, in press, 2007. 

Escalera, L. et al., Follow up of an autumn bloom of Dinophysis acuta in NW Iberia along-shore transport versus in situ growth, in Programme and Abstracts of the XII International Conference on Harmful Algae, ISSHA, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4—8 September 2006, 169. 

Pizarro, G. et al., Toxin profile (LC-MS) before, during and after a proliferation of Dinophysis acuta growth in the Galician Ria, Harmful Algae, (submitted). 

Fernandez, M.L. et al., Pectenotoxin-2 in single-cell isolates of Dinophysis caudata and Dinophysis acuta from the Galician Rfas (NW Spain), Toxicon, 48, 477, 2006. 

MacKenzie, L. et al., Pectenotoxin and okadaic acid-based toxin profiles in Dinophysis acuta and Dinophysis acuminata from New Zealand, Harmful Algae, 4, 75, 2005. 

Suzuki, T., Walter, J.A., LeBlanc, R, Mackinnon, S., Miles, C.O., Wilkins, A.L., Munday, R. et al.. Identification of pectenotoxin-11 as 345-hydroxypectenotoxin-2, a new pectenotoxin analogue in the toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuta from New Zealand. Chem. Res. Toxicol.l9, 310, 2006. 

Miles, C.O., et al.. Isolation of pectenotoxin-2 from Dinophysis acuta and its conversion to pectenotoxin-2 seco acid, and preliminary assessment of their acute toxicides, Toxicon, 43,1, 2004. 

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