Dimethylformamide electrospinning

Acrylonitrile copolymers and PAN nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning from Af,fV-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution, on which structure and electromagnetic properties were studied. Structural analysis was performed on carbon nanofibers, which were prepared from PAN/DMF solution by carbonization at 750°C followed by 1100°C. The obtained carbon nanofibers had an average diameter of 110 nm, an interlayer spacing d 002 of 0.368 nm, and a Raman band intensity ratio 1 D /I G of 0.93. 

The electrospinning method was applied to produce nanofibers of PEDOT-PSS/poly(vinyl acetate] (PVAc], which can be used for adhesives and coatings. An aqueous emulsion of PEDOT-PSS was added to the PVAc/iV,iV-dimethylformamide (DMF] solution. Composites that include different amounts of PEDOT-PSS were prepared. 

The electrospinning method can be applied to produce nanoflbers of PEDOT-PSS/PVAc and PEDOT/PVAc, which might be used for adhesives and coatings. For this purpose a commercially available aqueous solution of PEDOT-PSS was added in different amounts to the PVAc/A,A-dimethylformamide PMI solution, in addition to the polymerization of3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDOT) by cerium(lV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) in a PVAc matrix in DMF solution as well. 

Seoul, C., Kim, Y.-T. Berk, C.-K. Electrospinning of poly(vinyh-dence fluoride)/dimethylformamide solutions with carbon nanotubes. J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Chem. 41, 1572-1577 (2003). 

For carbon fiber manufacturing the PAN base material is copolymerized, in most cases with methyl methacrylate. In the electrospinning literature both PAN homopolymer and copolymer are used. The applied solvent of PAN is commonly A,A-dimethylformamide (DMF) [108] but other solvents, such as dimethylsulphoxide, can also be used [159]. 

Electrospinning of hyaluronic Li, J. X., et al. (2006) acid (HA) and hyaluronic acid/gelatin (HA-GT) blends in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)/water-mixed solvents investigated. 

Hsu, C. M. and S. Shivkumar (2004b). W,A-dimethylformamide additions to the solution for the electrospinning of poly(e-caprolactone) nanofibers. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 289(4) 334-340. 

Preliminary experiments were carried out to optimize the conditions for electrospinning the PVDF nanofibers [18]. In this study, the PVDF solution used was consistently at a concentration of 12 wt%, while the co-solvent chosen was acetone and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (6/4, w/w) the tip-to-plate distance was set at 15 cm. The applied voltage was between 9 and 18 kV. No fibers could be formed below or above these voltages. This implies that the electrical force and surface tension compete in the electrospinning process. Additionally, the injection flow rate varied in the range of 0.01-0.04 mL min for experimental processing. 

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