Digitalis cardenolides

Lithium, l,3-(cis, trans)-diphenyl-2-azaallyl-generation, 7, 73 Lithium, 5-iodo-2-thienyl-synthesis, 4, 831 Lithium, 2-methoxy-4-furyl-in synthesis of digitalis cardenolides, 1, 423 Lithium, 5-methoxy-2-thienyl-reactions... 

Figure 6.5 Structures of cardiac glycosides mentioned in the text and cardenolide esters and glycosides produced by biotransformation. Formation of the sugar side chain of Digitalis cardenolides.

Some of the most well-known cardenolides include digitoxin from Digitalis purpurea (foxglove), convallarin from Convallaria (lily-of-the-valley), ouabain from Strophanthus and Acocanthera, many digitoxin-like cardenolides from... 

Types of Cardiac Glycoside. Three groups of plants produce cardenolides the Digitalis species, growing in temperate climates the Strophanthus species, of tropical provenance and Scilla (sea onion or squill), a Mediterranean plant. 

During the course of the investigation71 to synthesize the hitherto unknown 2,6-dideoxy-D-arabino-hexose (76), Meyer and coworkers reported74 on its isolation from the hydrolyzate of a cardenolide obtained from Digitalis canariensis L. Taking precedent from the more recently pub-... 

Sources of these drugs include white and purple foxglove Digitalis lanata and D purpurea) and numerous other temperate zone and tropical plants. Certain toads have skin glands capable of elaborating bufadienolides, which differ only slightly from the cardenolides. 

W. Linder and R. W. Frei, Partition high-pressure liquid chromatographic systems for the separation of digitalis glycosides of the cardenolide, J. Chromatogr., 117 81 (1976). 

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