Differential scanning calorimetry-thermal gravimetric analysis

DSC-TGA (differential scanning calorimetry-thermal gravimetric analysis)... 

Thermal characterization by differential scanning calorimetry, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and thermomechanical analysis... 

Thermal stability (°Q 400 (DSC/TGA (Differential Scanning Calorimetry/ Thermo Gravimetric Analysis) measurement)... 

The mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of sisal fiber have been studied in detail. X-ray diffraction, Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis etc., have been used to determine the characteristics of sisal fiber and provide theoretical support for processing and application of the fiber. 

ADMET polymers are easily characterized using common analysis techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance ( H and 13C NMR), infrared (IR) spectra, elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), vapor pressure osmometry (VPO), membrane osmometry (MO), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The preparation of poly(l-octenylene) (10) via the metathesis of 1,9-decadiene (9) is an excellent model polymerization to study ADMET, since the monomer is readily available and the polymer is well known.21 The NMR characterization data (Fig. 8.9) for the hydrogenated versions of poly(l-octenylene) illustrate the clean and selective nature of ADMET. 

Thermal Analysis - Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the thermal properties of the polymers synthesized. DSC analysis was performed on a Perkin-Elmer Differential Scanning Calorimeter, Model 2C with a thermal analysis data station. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out on a DuPont thermal gravimeter, Model 951. From the DSC and TGA plots of poly (N-pheny 1-3,4-dimethylene-... 

From the discussion presented of reactions in solids, it should be apparent that it is not practical in most cases to determine the concentration of some species during a kinetic study. In fact, it may be necessary to perform the analysis in a continuous way as the sample reacts with no separation necessary or even possible. Experimental methods that allow measurement of the progress of the reaction, especially as the temperature is increased, are particularly valuable. Two such techniques are thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These techniques have become widely used to characterize solids, determine thermal stability, study phase changes, and so forth. Because they are so versatile in studies on solids, these techniques will be described briefly. 

Major methods involved with the generation of information about thermal property behavior of materials include thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), torsional braid analysis (TBA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), and pyrolysis gas chromatography (PGC). 

Thermal analysis refers to a variety of techniques in which a property of a sample is continuously measured as the sample is programmed through a predetermined temperature profile. Among the most common techniques are thermal gravimetric analysis (TA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 

TABLE 18.3. Select NOM Characterization Studies by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA)... 

Chromophores must be thermally robust enough to withstand temperatures encountered in electric field poling and subsequent processing of chromophore/polymer materials. Chromophore decomposition temperatures can be assessed by techniques such as thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). TGA and DSC measurements on neat chromophore samples in air will tend to yield decomposition temperatures lower than those for the same chromophores in hardened polymer lattices. Typically, to be useful for development of device quality materials, a chromophore must exhibit thermal stability of 250 °C or higher (with thermal stability defined as... 

Recently, two pyrazine (pz)-linked hetero-triads of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and ZnTPP, namely (CoPc)-pz-(ZnTPP)-pz-(CoPc) (15) and (ZnTPP)-pz-(CoPc)-pz-(ZnTPP) (16), have been prepared [30], The thermal properties of these triads and related macrocyclic components have been studied by thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. It has been found that the thermal stability of axial coordination increases in the order ZnPc(pz)2 < ZnTPP(pz)2 sa CoPc(pz)2, and the thermal decomposition of the triads 15 and 16 proceeds firstly via the degradation of the spacer ligand. 

In this section, some case studies will be presented on the characterization of CMP pad and slurry [17-20] using such advanced analytical techniques as dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic rheometry, dual emission laser induced fluorescence (DELIF), and the dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR). More specifically, these techniques were used to characterize (a) the effect of heat... 

Correlation of total, bound, and surface water in raw materials was the topic of a paper by Torlini and Ciurczak in 1987.The NIR was calibrated by Karl Fischer titration, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) for the various water types. NIR could distinguish surface from bound water, whereas standard loss on drying (LOD) could not. 

Differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis have been used by several authors (27,53) to show that plasma-derived polymers have no phase transitions until decomposition occurs. The remarkable thermal stability of these materials is evidenced by data which show that 80 wt.% of a film prepared from methyl chloride remains at 800 C and that 40 wt.% of a styrene derived film remains at 700°C. 

Another simple identification determination of a drug substance is the melting point. A more sophisticated technique is differential scanning calorimetry (Fig. 1). The melting characteristic may be used for identification and is especially suitable for a polymorphic system. The existence of one or more polymorph forms can be identified. For the identification of hydrates or solvates, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) is used (Fig. 2). 

For example, the most commonly used thermal method is and will almost certainly continue to be differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), hence here we have dedicated three chapters to the technique covering the principles, the optimal use of the method, and pharmaceutical applications. We then include chapters on thermo-gravimetric analysis, modulated temperature DSC, microcalorimetry, high sensitivity DSC, thermal microscopy, thermally stimulated current, and dynamic mechanical analysis, all of which have attracted great interest within the pharmaceutical field. In all cases, these chapters combine elements of theoretical background, measurement optimization, and pharmaceutical applications. It is our profound hope that in this way we will achieve a suitable mixture of depth, relevance, and accessibility. 

In this chapter we investigate and discuss the thermal, optical, electrical properties of the oligothiophene derivatives by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The thin films of these compounds produced by solution cast and vacuum deposition methods are characterised by AFM measurements in contact and non-contact mode, and by X-ray diffraction. Finally, an ultra-thin OFET is built, and the transistor characteristics are determined. 

DTA Differential Thermal Analysis DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry TGA Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ARC Accelerating Rate Calorimetry BSC Bench Scale, Heat Flow Calorimetry SEDEX Sensitive Detector of Exothermic Processes Others Oven Tests, Dewar Tests, Hot Plate Tests, etc. 

Thermal characterization of PPSe and PPTe was done using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), TGA followed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (TGA/GC/MS), and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 

The results of the characterization of cured phthalonitrile resins are presented. This includes their thermal properties from thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, spectroscopic properties from the infra-red and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, and mechanical properties from torsional pendulum analysis and fracture mechanics evaluation. 

The caloriEc capacity and the energies of intetBctions between molecules and adsorbent are determined using a thermal gravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) [78]. 

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