Differential Scanning Calorimetery DSC

Differential scanning calorimetery (DSC) was used to measure heat capacity as a function of temperature. The DSC used in this study was a Perkin-Elmer model DSC-2. Liquid nitrogen was used as a heat sink and helium was used as the purge gas. Samples were usually about 30 mg, and a heating rate of 20°C/min was used for measuring Tgs and Tms. 

It has been suggested that these ceramides form a gel-phase membrane domain within the skin. Straight fatty acid chains as well as the small polar head groups on the ceramides are thought to produce a tightly packed domain which is less fluid and thereby less permeable than other liquid crystalline domains which are also present. Recent evidence using differential scanning calorimetery (DSC) and infrared absorption spectroscopy analyses verifies the presence of gel phases within the stratum comeum. 

The physical, chemical and structural changes created in stabilization can be detected by various analyzing techniques include X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetery (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which can be considered as standard evaluation techniques for the extent of stabilization [14, 21, 22]. In this study, different methods are employed to measure stabilization index of electrospun PAN nanofibers after heat treating to obtain the desired conditions for stabilizing temperature, dwell time and heating rate. 

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