Dictamnin

Similarly, anthranHic acid (28) has been suggested as a reasonable precursor and some eady labeling studies have been carried out showing that dictamnine [484-29-7] (135), C22H2NO2, from Dictamnus albus and skimminanine [83-95-4] (136), C24H23NO4, from Skimmiajaponica incorporate anthranHic acid in a nonrandom fashion (96,97). 

Dicoumarol — see Coumarin, 3,3 -methylenebis(4-hydroxy-Dictamnine biosynthesis, 4, 992 occurrence, 4, 989 pharmacology, 4, 992 synthesis, 4, 990 Dicyanocobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester, 4, 422 Dicycloalkaselenophenes synthesis, 4, 968 Dicyclohexa-1,4-diselenins thermolysis, 4, 968 Dieckmann condensation chroman-3-one synthesis by, 3, 854 isochroman-4-one synthesis by, 3, 859 oxoindolizidine synthesis by, 4, 471... 

Dictamnus albus L. subsp. dasycarpus (Turcz.) Winter D. dasycarpus Turcz. Bai Xian Pi (Fraxinella) (root bark) Dictamnine, skimmianine, saponins, preskinnianine, choline, fragarine, aurapten, bergapten, isomaculosindine, limonin, obakinone, fraxinellone, psoralen, trigonelline.50 60 Antifungal, antipyretic, antiseptic, antitussive, sedative, emmenagogue, tonic. 

Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. Hua Jiao (Pepper) (pericarp) Estragol, citronellol, phellandrene, xanthoxylene, skimmianine, magnoflorine, xanthoplanine, dictamnine, bergapten, berberine, esculetin dimethyl ether.33 48-53 Treat ascaris, relieve abdominal pain caused by ascariar obstruction. 

N.A. Estragol, anethole, dictamnin." This herb is toxic. Stimulates the muscles of the uterus, antispasmodic. 

Dictamnine (158) was first isolated from white dittany root (Dictamnus albus L.) (23MI31700). Later, it was found in the leaves of Skimmia repens Nakai, by Asahina and coworkers (30CB2045), who proved its identity with the dictamnus-root alkaloid and elucidated its structure. Dictamnine forms colorless prisms with m.p. 132-133 °C. 

Dictamnine (158) on treatment with methyl iodide is converted to isodictamnine (172 sealed tube, 80 °C, 4 h). Other 4-methoxylated furoquinolines show a similar behaviour. These transformations resemble those of a- and y-alkoxyquinolines which on heating with alkyl iodides are converted to A-alkylquinolones. 

A number of plants containing furoquinoline alkaloids have been used medicinally, but the alkaloids themselves have found no place in medicine. Skimmianine (159) has been shown to potentiate adrenalin in cats, to relax intestinal muscle, and to raise the tone of striated muscle it has much in common with ephedrine. Dictamnine (158) strongly contracts smooth muscle and stops the isolated frog heart in diastole. Quite recently it has been shown that certain furoquinoline alkaloids are phototoxic to some bacteria and yeasts in long-wavelength UV light (81MI31701). 

Dictamnine, y-fagarine, skimmianine, 6,8-dimethoxydictamnine (maculosidine), 6-methoxydictamnine, robustine, and isodictamnine. Dictamnus caucasicus appears to be a variety of D. fraxinetta Pers., which in turn has been regarded as synonymous with D. albus L. (57). 

The above plant yielded haplopine and robustine H. obtusifolium Ldb. yielded skimmianine and evoxine and H. bucharicum Litv. yielded dictamnine, skimmianine, y-fagarine, robustine, haplopine, bucharine, benzamide, and a new alkaloid, bucharamine. Of several possible structures for the latter the more probable is 107 (85). 

In the oxazole-containing species recognized thus far, anthranilate is evidently not always shunted into nicotinate formation as some of these taxa accumulate products attributable to a more direct utilization of anthranilate. Halfordia ken-dack contains the quinoline alkaloid halfordamine (55) and the furanoquinoline halfordinine (56) (8, 22), while small quantities of dictamnine (57) occur in H. 

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