Diameter of Liquid Explosives

This results in a successive diminishing of the detonation front. A process of this kind may stop detonation, provided no new detonation front develops within the compressed explosive behind the shock wave left by the terminated reaction. The new detonation wave would travel over the com- 

This would occur in the event the old detonation front succeeded in disappearing and the rarefied waves from the charge periphery rarefied the compressed explosive before a new detonation wave is initiated 

In transition of detonation from a rigid-wall tube into a larger volume, the detonation will cease if the tube is of smaller diameter than the critical one for a weakly confined or unconfined expl. Whereas, when the diam is greater than the critical one, an outward-gping deton wave will arise in a certain time period after transition, and the explosive will detonate in the larger volume 

Fig presented here is a copy of Fig 1 of Ref 16, p 840. It is a sketch of a photo-. graphic record (made by means of a highspeed smear camera from the butt end of the tube) of a detonation passing from a narrow tube to a wider one. The diams of tubes are larger than critical. Dark zones correspond 

Transition of Detonation From a Narrow Tube to a Wider Tube 

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See also Critical Diameters of Liquid Explosives and Critical Diameter of Solid Explosives in Section 1)... 

Weber, Handbook of Selected Properties of Air- and Water-Reactive Materials , RDTR No 144, NAVAMDEP, Crane (1969), 25-26 18) R.Kh. Kurbangalina, Dependence of Critical Diameter of Liquid Explosives on Content of Powders , LA-TR-20-8, translated by H. Dahlby from ZhPriklMekhTekhFiz (4), 133-36 (1969) CA 71,126697 (1969) 19) A.S. Derzhavets,... 

Table 7.7 showed the mass fraction of liquid explosives composed of nitromethane and other substances. Notably, the critical diameter of such mixed... 

In processing the results of photographing we introduced into consideration the value of the relative volume of an explosive cloud a /X>c) - 1, whereto is ibs ampoule diameter, P is the diameter of an explosive cloud, i.e, the distance between the extreme boundaries of a vapor-liquid mixture that... 

To avoid explosion, the compounds can be decomposed via hydrolysis in liquid solution. Ultra-fine particles are obtained in water and water-ammonia media. Hydrolysis in HC1 and HN03 solutions leads to the precipitation of an agglomerated powder of both tantalum and niobium oxides. Agglomerates obtained are up to 12 pm in diameter, while the estimated diameter of the smallest ciystalline particles varies in the range of 0.01-0.5 pm [512]. 

An explosion or detonation produces both an air blast and a shock wave in the air. The air blast consists of the air in violent motion in a general direction away from the site of the expln and in a condition of extreme turbulence. This degree of turbulence may be imagined by estimating a "Reynolds Number of it, devised by Engl scientist Osborne Reynolds (1842-1912), to describe the effect of velocity phenomena in connection with flow of liquids. If k is Reynolds Number, d=diameter of moving stream, u = its linear velocity, p = its density and = its viscosity,... 

The decay zone, characterized by a rate of fall in pressure intermediate between those of two zones, is not predicted by any extrapolation of one- dimensional theory. In the liquid explosive NMe, the pressure at the head of the decay zone is essentially independent of the charge size but the extent of the zone is very strongly dependent on the charge diameter and length. The decay zone increase in length as the detonation runs. 

Also under Detonation Velocity-Charge Diameter Relationship, Vol 4, p D641-R and Vol 3, p C560-R and C561-L. For information on critical diameters of a)Liquid explosives,... 

Liquid-hydrogen/solid-air explosions have been carried out in a closed volume to assess the possible hazards of an explosion in an in-pile nuclear experiment. At A.E.R.E. Harwell there are a number of current and prospective nuclear-physics experiments that use chambers adjacent to the reactor core, filled with liquid hydrogen in order to moderate the reactor neutron flux and produce collimated beams of low-energy neutrons. These moderator chambers are generally surrounded by a vacuum tube of up to 7 ft in length and 4 to 12 in. in diameter. 

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