Diagrams hierarchy

All too often safety and health (and environmental) considerations are left to the final stages of the design. Returning to the hierarchy of design illustrated by the onion diagram in Fig. 1.6, such considerations would add another layer in the diagram outside the utilities layer. This approach leaves much to be desired. 

Product specifications should specify requirements for the manufacture, assembly, and installation of the product in a manner that provides acceptance criteria for inspection and test. They may be written specifications, engineering drawings, diagrams, inspection and test specifications, and schematics. With complex products you may need a hierarchy of documents from system drawings showing the system installation to component drawings for piece-part manufacture. Where there are several documents that make up the product specification there should be an overall listing that relates documents to one another. 

Traditional process flow diagrams are clear, quickly prepared and easily reviewed for conformity with ISO 9000 requirements. However, it is not easy to identify some types of process breakdowns, such as gaps in coverage, processes that follow the organizational hierarchy and inappropriate allocation of tasks within the organization. 

We can therefore cirrange the seven (7) systems into a hierarchy based on S3mimetry, as shown in the following diagram... 

This hierarchy can be represented symbolically by the layers of the onion diagram shown in Figure 1.76. The diagram emphasizes the sequential, or hierarchical, nature of process design. Other ways to represent the hierarchy have also been suggested4. 

Next, we need to ascend the hierarchy and return to the top level block diagram. Click the RIGHT mouse button on the screen somewhere and then select Ascend Hierarchy ... 

Figure 12.14 The class diagram of ChemicalLibrary-ChemicalSample composite hierarchy.

TREE DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING THE HIERARCHY OF ELEMENTS, ISOTOPES, AND SUBATOMIC STRUCTURES. 

TREE DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING THE HIERARCHY OF QUANTUM NUMBERS IN THE n = 4 ELECTRON SHELL EACH ORBITAL CAN HOLD TWO ELECTRONS (ONE WITH ms = 1/2 AND ONE WITH ms = -1/2). 

The tool was developed using about five years of industrial hygiene data to support the logarithmic scales assigned to each control strategy. The layers of protection can be represented by the diagram shown in Fig. 16.1 and translate to levels of the traditional control hierarchy. 

Figure 3.28. Diagram illustrating the structural hierarchy in tendon. Collagen molecules (left) form microfibrils (not shown) that make up collagen fibrils, fibers, fascicles, and tendon units.

Schematic energy level diagrams for LS and jj coupling in atomic spectra. The energy hierarchy from coarsest to finest is "configuration" (e.g., 4s 4p) —> "term" (e.g., 3P) —> level (e.g.,...

You will often find that tree diagrams lead to a hierarchy of subjects an arrangement from general to detailed. This is clear on the Tn/Out branch in the figure, but you can also see it in the others. Such a hierarchy can be useful for planning a development program. 

A number of experimental chemical process synthesis procedures have been developed with a hierarchical architecture based on both the hierarchical structure of the chemical innovation process and the physical property hierarchy. Examples include PIP (Kirkwood et al, 1988) and BALTAZAR (Mahalec and Motard, 1977). This hierarchical approach is also evident in the Pinch Technology Onion Diagram (Linnhoff and Ahmad, 1983). The hierarchical approach is also the foundation for the two early textbooks on process synthesis methodology (Rudd et al, 1973 Douglas, 1988). 

Complex Refinement Structures. Flowsheets are refined across various hierarchical abstraction levels and depicted in specific representation formats. In the context of the IMPROVE project, we are mainly interested in two of the three commonly used flowsheet variants the abstract flow diagram (AFD) and the process flow diagram (PFD). Thus, the flowsheet editor supports the full hierarchy of complex stepwise refinement operations from AFD to PFD and assures a set of consistency constrains in order to preserve their semantic correctness. 

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