Devices light modulators

The colour change is from purple to transparent pale blue for both devices. Light modulation in devices with a colourless optically passive counterelectrode is governed solely by changes in the electrochromic electrode. 

Spatial Light Modulator Technology Materials, Devices, and Applications, edited by Uzi Efron... 

Besides polyimides, photoconductive polymers with conjugated bonds also can be successfully used in liquid crystal spatial light modulators [262-264], The high resolution, mechanical and electrical stability and possibility for sensitization of the photosensitivity make the use of organic polymer photoconductors in spatial light modulators very attractive. Devices such as phase... 

In solid state all the 10 pyroelectric crystal groups allow in principle for bistable switching behaviour. This is the proper ferroelectricity. Under certain conditions ferroelectricity (improper) can be realized in liquid crystals. This was shown by Meyer and coworkers115 in 1975. Since that time intense activities have been initiated, applying this property for flat-panel devices, switches, light modulators etc. In principle, three effects can be observed and used ... 

All of our natural experience with optics occurs in the linear domain. In order to apply nonlinear optics in practice, light must first interact with the NLO material. In our laboratories, free space interconnections are usually employed for this purpose. That is, a laser beam is aimed at the material under examination. In any practical use of NLO, such simplistic solutions will not be possible, for reasons both of safety and rugged construction of the device. Light will need to be moved around in space within the device. In many second order devices, whether they are color-specific lasers, such as doubled diode or YAG lasers, or EO modulators such as spatial light modulators (SLM s) waveguide or fiber optic connections will be used. Aspects of these materials will not be reviewed. 

Zeolites provide a novel host for the generation of semiconductor hyperlattices within their pore volume. The control of the connectivity between the clusters of semiconductor is unparalleled in any other host medium and so has allowed a detailed study of the optical consequences of such connectivity6. However, from the practical standpoint, such materials have some severe drawbacks - most notably the lack of single crystals of sufficient size to produce viable optical devices such as optical transistors or spatial light modulators. We have therefore moved on to look at more practical/processable quantum-dot materials such as semiconductor-doped porous glasses. 

Patel J.S., Lee Sin-Don and Goodby J. W. Physical Properties of Smectic Liquid Crystals and Novel Electro-optic Effects. Spatial Light Modulator Technology, Materials, Devices, and Applications (Uzi Efron, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1995). 

Light modulation devices such as acousto-optic modulators (AOM) or neutral density filters to provide attenuation for the excitation source. 

Fig. 16 Setup for simultaneous inscription and reconstruction of entire pages of bit patterns. SLM spatial light modulator CCD charge-coupled device camera PI, PI, Pi polarizers X/2 half-wave plate. (Adapted with permission from [80]. Copyright 2009 SPIE)...

A simple device configuration for light modulation based on a second-order NLO phenomenon is the Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, which acts as an electrical to optical switch (Fig. 4.2). 

Revised and Expanded, edited by Monroe Schlessinger Spatial Light Modulator Technology Materials, Devices, and Applications, edited by Uzi Efron Lens Design Second Edition, Revised and Expanded,... 

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