Desolvation agent

Currently, two methods for coacervation are available, namely simple and complex processes. The mechanism of microcapsule formation for both processes is identical, except for the way in which the phase separation is carried out. In simple coacervation a desolvation agent is added for phase separation, whereas complex coacervation involves complexation between two oppositely charged polymers. 

Preparation of Size-Controlled BSA Nanoparticles by Intermittent Addition of Desolvating Agent... 

The similar problems were occurred in our research for BSA nanoparticle fabrication with continuous ethanol addition. Herein, we suggest that the intermittent addition of desolvating agent can improve reproducibility of BSA nanoparticle preparation. 

Cyclisation of 1-hydroxy-2-napt ho ic acid in dry toluene in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide as a dehydrating agent gives a small yield of a cyclic tetramer, termed tetra-l-napthoid (7.34). Host 7.34 forms a number of 1 2 clathrates with small molecules such as CHC13 and benzene, which are very unstable with respect to desolvation. Complexes of 2-bromobutyric acid and napthalene are much more stable. A charge transfer complex with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) is also known in which the electron-poor TCNE accepts electron density from the electron-rich aryl rings of the macrocycle. 

A method for the accurate online ultratrace analysis of palladium in environmental samples (road dust and contaminated soil samples) by ICP-MS after separation of interferent cations by cation exchange chromatography was introduced by Hann and co-workers. ° Palladium was selectively adsorbed online onto a Cjg microcolumn which had been reversibly loaded with a complexing agent A,Al-diethyl-Al -benzoylthiourea (DEBT). The palladium complex formed was eluted with methanol and introduced into an ICP-SFMS via microconcentric nebulization with membrane desolvation. Isotope dilution analysis was employed for quantification purposes. ... 

Chemical interferences are usually specific to particular analytes. They occur in the conversion of the solid or molten particle after desolvation into free atoms or elementary ions. Constituents that influence the volatilization of analyte particles cause this type of interference and are often called solute volatilization interferences. For example, in some flames the presence of phosphate in the sample can alter the atomic concentration of calcium in the flame owing to the formation of relatively nonvolatile complexes. Such effects can sometimes be eliminated or moderated by the use of higher temperatures. Alternatively, releasing agents, which are species that react preferentially with the interferent and prevent its interaction with the analyte, can be used. For example, the addition of excess Sr or La minimizes the phosphate interference on calcium because these cations form stronger phosphate compounds than Ca and release the analyte. 

The rates of addition of nucleophiles to carbonyl groups and the rates of elimination from the tetrahedral intermediates constitute another class, probably similar to the activated aromatic nucleophilic substitution. The carbonyl group is an electrophile, and no obvious source of any barrier exists, outside of desolvation. Therefore, a resemblance to Ritchies systems is found. No obvious relation between our kinetic nucleophilic characters (Nx) and the additions occurs, but a possible parallel to the equilibrium methylating powers, KYX (in Tables I and II), of the conjugate methylating agent of the... 

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