Derived surface

Table 10.16. Some pathogens against which protective immunity was elicited by recombinant vaccinia vector systems. The virus invariably expressed a gene coding for a pathogen-derived surface polypeptide. The animal species in which the experiments were carried out is also listed...

The characteristics of the primary surfaces and the derived surface for the solid-liquid equilibria and the solid-vapor equilibria are identical to those for the liquid-vapor equilibria with the exception that no critical phenomena have ever been observed in these two equilibria. Thus, a plane, tangent to the solid and liquid surfaces, may be rolled along these surfaces. The projections of the loci of the points of tangency are represented by the lines al and bs in Figure 5.5. If the points of tangency are connected by a straight line lying in the plane at any position of the plane, a ruled surface is derived... 

In summary, we refer to Figure 5.5, which may be considered as the projection of the entire equilibrium surface on the entropy-volume plane. All of the equilibrium states of the system when it exists in the single-phase fluid state lie in the area above the curves alevd. All of the equilibrium states of the system when it exists in the single-phase solid state lie in the area bounded by the lines bs and sc. These areas are the projections of the primary surfaces. The two-phase systems are represented by the shaded areas alsb, lev, and csvd. These areas are the projections of the derived surfaces for these states. Finally, the triangular area slv represents the projection of the tangent plane at the triple point, and represents all possible states of the system at the triple point. This area also is a projection of a derived surface. 

In this section, the derived surface equation of state [Eq. (33)] is compared with the experimental 7t - A isotherms involving the LE/LC phase transition for the following six phospholipid surfactants 1,2-dimyris-toylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), 1,2-dipalmitoylpho-sphatidylcholine (1,2-DPPC), 1,3-dipalmitoylphosph-atidylcholine (1,3-DPPC), 1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidic acid (DMPA), 1,2-dilauroylcephalin (DLPE), and 1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE). The general formula of the phospholipid surfactants can be written as R-C02- (hJ-CbC—R, where R stands... 

The altitude effect is seen in Fig. 9.15. The <5lsO values in Swiss precipitation are lighter with higher altitudes. The gradient, or altitude effect, is — 0.26%o <5180/100m altitude. The altitude effect is observed in this case to be the same in the precipitation and in the derived surface and groundwaters. This effect is not masked by the seasonal temperature effect (Fig. 9.10). 

Lacroix G, Ruddick R, Park Y, Gypens N, Lancelot C (2007) Validation of the 3D biogeochemical model MIRO CO with field nutrient and phytoplankton data and MERIS-derived surface chlorophyll a images. J Mar Syst 64 66-88... 

It has been shown that welds provide unique environments for the colonization of SRB with the subsequent production of sulfides that affect the weld seam surface of the heat-affected zone. Exposure of sulfide-derived surfaces to fresh, aerated seawater resulted in rapid spalling on the downstream side of weld seams. The bared surfaces became anodic to the sulfide-coated weld root, initiating and accelerating localized corrosion. (Dexter)5... 

Two sets of derived surface areas are recorded in Table 10.15 the values of a(BET) have been obtained by the usual BET method and a(com) from the slope of the initial linear part of the comparison plot. The close agreement between the corresponding values of surface area is consistent with the linearity and zero intercept of... 

At temperatures below 200 K, two types of ethylene-derived surface species have been identified. One is a di-a-bonded species that results when the C=C double bond... 

Sorptives Molecular area of the sorptive / BET derived surface area / m g" Pore volume / cm g 1 ... 

Figure 3.8 Molecular absorption of a PTCD derivative, surface plasmon of the evaporated silver film. Excimer fluorescence of an LB monolayer on glass and SERRS with the background SEF of the LB monolayer on the silver island film.

The application of electrochemical investigations is an efficient method to characterize the microstructure of porous electrically conducting materials. Modifications in the chemical constitution of the skeleton which do not change the BET values can be identified by the electrochemically derived surface capacitance, as demonstrated in the case of anodically oxidized carbon aerogels. 

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