Depth thickness

The depth (thickness) of the mixing zone, which limits the depth resolution of a SIMS analysis typically to 2—30 nm, is a function of the energy, angle of incidence,... 

The upper part of the Flowerpot contains as much as 60 m of interbedded salt and shale in the subsurface several kilometers to the south, but in the vicinity of the salt plains most of the salt is missing. The top of the Flowerpot salt is 10—15 m below the surface of the salt plains, and the depth, thickness and distribution of salt here are erratic. The salt beds contain some natural dissolution cavities that generally are less than 1 m high. The cavities contain brine under artesian conditions with a piezometric surface that locally is as much as several meters above the salt plains in the canyon floors. The Flowerpot Shale in the base of the canyons is fractured and acts as an aquitard that permits slow, upward flow of brine along joints and fracture planes. 

Potato of the second kind arises from forces determined by the cross product of the magnetic field with eddy currents induced in metallic walls of the resonator by the modulation field. It is controlled by interrupting eddy current paths and using resonators with wall thicknesses less than one skin depth thickness at the field modulation frequency. 

STl CMP performance depends on several factors such as deposited nitride thickness, trench depth, thickness and type of deposited trench-fill oxide, removal rate consistency fhe physicochemical nature of Ce02 particles. 

Center-to-center indicates the distance between the centos of adjacent parallel beams. In-plane actions take place within the plane of the grid. Out-of-plane actions occur orthogonally or transversely to the plane of the grid. Elemoit-level tarns describe the rib cross-sectional dimensions where width is an in-plane measurement and depth (thickness) is out-of-plane. 

For a low electrolyte concentration and great depth (thickness) of the ionic atmosphere, whenPg(/f) the total disjoining pressure is posi-... 

Mixing depth Thickness of the turbulent region next to the ground, in which atmospheric properties are well mixed. 

These plates may be disposed either in checkerboard fashion on one side of the cooler behind one another, in order to retard or divert a continuous hot strand of clinker ("red river"), or they may, for example, be installed across the full width of the cooler in one or more rows in order to bank up the cl inker bed. If curb plate rows are installed, it is necessary to ensure that the row with the highest curb is located at the end of a cooling air compartment, because the depth (thickness) of the clinker bed should be constant within each compartment. If the banking-up effect of the curb plates does not comprise the whole compartment, so that the bed in the rear part is thinner than in front, the air flow will be concentrated in this rear part, while the thicker bed will get correspondingly less of the air and the clinker will be less effectively cooled. To prevent local air breakthroughs it is also important that a row of curb plates is always followed by a row of plates without holes. Nor should there be any holes in the plates located in the corners directly behind the portions of the grate which are filled in with monolithic refractory. 

Shorter axis of a prolate spheroid or channel half-depth Thickness of the rough layer on particles ASF expansion coefficients Hydrodynamic constant... 

Depth profiling of automotive parts containing calcium stearate and zinc stearate was done by photoelectron spectroscopy, ESCA. " The depth thickness of measurement was 5 nm. Using time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, ToF-SIMS, the depth thickness monitored was 1 nm. The ToF SIMS technique was used to measure the relative concentration of erucamide as a function of depth for a pol mier film at equilibrium." ESCA data gave useful information on migration of stearates to the surface. " ... 

Wear can be characterized in several ways. It often is reported as the removal of material on a volume, weight, or depth (thickness) basis. The rate of wear would also relate the amount of material removed to a variable such as time, cycles, or distance. Tests for making these measurements in the laboratory are discussed in the next section. 

Jackson turbidimetry (also known as Visual turbidiinetry) is based on measuring the interference caused to the passage of Light through the sample. In this method, the depth (thickness) of the sample required to obscure the image of a standard candle or bulb is measured visually. 

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