Deoxyribonucleic acid high molecular weight

Harry Compton Crick, American scientist and Nobelisi (1962), proposed that ihe molecular structure of DNA is composed of deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins lhistones and high-molecular-weight proteins . These researchers proposed that the molecular structure of DNA is a double spiral helical chain. James H. White. American mathematician, shared the 1962 Nobel Prize. 

A gene is a set of segments of nucleic acid. A nucleic acid is a complex, high molecular weight biochemical macromolecule composed of nucleotide chains that convey genetic information. The most common nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). 

Nucleic acids are high-molecular-weight, mixed polymers of mononucleotides, in which chains are formed by monophosphate links between the 5 -position of one nucleoside and the 3 -position of the next. The backbone of the chain is thus composed of alternating phosphates and sugars, to which purine and pyrimidine bases are attached at regular intervals. The polymer is known as ribonucleic acid (RNA) when the sugar is ribose, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) when the sugar is 2-deoxyribose. 

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization is a very powerful technique for the analysis of synthetics and biopolymers, and it has completely replaced former techniques such as fast atom bombardment (FAB). In most cases, singly charged ions are predominantly detected while very little fragmentation or multiply charged ions are observed. MALDI is commonly used for the analysis of high-molecular-weight compounds such as peptides and proteins (Rappsilber et al., 2003), synthetic polymers (Nielen, 1999), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (Gut, 2004), and lipids (Schiller et al., 2004). 

Gel electrophoresis is an important technique for separating high-molecular-weight (MW) biological molecules, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), lipoproteins, immunoglobulins, and... 

Nucleic acids are polynucleotides of very high molecular weight, generally measured in several millions. A nucleotide containing ribose is termed ribonucleic acid (RNA), while one containing deoxyribose is referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). 

Deoxyribonucleic acids are usually prepared by the procedures of Signer and Schwandeb [92], Mabmtjr [46 a] or Massie and Zimm [47]. VoLKCN and Carter s [100] method is suitable for isolation of high molecular weight ribonucleic acid. Soluble ribonucleic acid is frequently isolated by Ztjbay s [112] procedure. 

Deoxyribonuclease I from pancreas breaks down high molecular weight deoxyribonucleic acids into oligonucleotides and a small amount of mononucleotides large parts of the polynucleotide structure are unaffected. Ribonucleic acids are unattacked. Deoxyribonucleases from snake venom are capable of breaking down deoxyribonucleic acids more completely than is the deoxyribonuclease I from pancreas. These enzymes have, however, not yet been adequately investigated. 

Little work has been done on the TLC of oligonucleotides, transfer ribonucleic acids and ribo- and deoxyribonucleic acids of high molecular weight. Synthetic deoxyribo-oligonucleotides have been separated on layers of PEI-cellulose, using stepwdse development wdth 0.2—1.2M sodium chloride DEAE-cellulose proved less suitable [103]. Chromato-... 

B Hydrogen bonding in DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, the high molecular weight compound that stores the genetic information of an organism (Section 3.9)... 

The Chain Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acids. The nucleic acids are high molecular weight polynucleotides Innumerable nucleosides are linked together with phosphoric acid (in diester bonds). Because in deoxyribonucleosides, which we shall consider first, position V of deoxjrribose is occupied by the base and position 4 is in the furanose ring, phosphoric acid must tie together the hydroxyls of 3 and 5. A section of a hypothetical chain is represented here ... 

The substance that stores and transmits the genetic information is a polymer called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a huge molecule with a molecular weight as high as several billion grams per mole. Together with other similar nucleic acids called the ribonucleic acids (RNA), DNA is also responsible for the synthesis of the various proteins needed by the cell to carry out its life... 

Two types of polynucleotides may be distinguished through their structure deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) with molecular weights as high as 100 million and ribonucleic acids (RNA) with molecular weights up to 500,000. 

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