Denim processing

Uses Heavy duty detergent and wetting agent that minimizes redeposidon of dyes in denim processing Properties Liq. 

Uses Detergent and wetting agent for cleanup operation in denim processing desizing agent... 

Denim finishing Demtrogenation Denmert Dennis process De-Nol... 

Enzymatic stone-washing is performed either entirely without stones or sometimes by a combination of stones and enzymes. CeUulases are used to attack the surface of the cellulose fiber, but leave the interior intact. Denim garments are dyed with indigo blue, which stays on the surface of the yam. The ceUulase partiy hydrolyzes the surface of the fiber, and the indigo blue is partiy removed. Either neutral-type ceUulases acting at pH 6—8 or acid-type ceUulases acting at pH 4—5 are used for these processes. 

Biofinishing, or biopolishing as it is more popularly known, is similar to denim washing in its use of cellulase enzymes, although the effects intended are quite different. The process is designed to eliminate, by dissolution, the cellulosic fibrils projecting from the surface of the fabric. This treatment results in [76] ... 

The special requirements of the indigo dyeing of cotton warp yarns for denim are capable of being met by indirect electrolysis systems [241]. Examples of four suitable redox systems are shown in Table 12.37. Uniform build-up of depth was observed with each successive step, the results being at least equal to those from the conventional dithionite-based process. Apparendy these processes are amenable to scaling up to bulk production levels [241]. 

The lipases in DeniPrime are for the removal of tallow—a waxy white fat composed mainly of triglycerides. For denim finishers, it is often impossible to know what type of size has been used on the denim. If tallow has been used and it is not fully removed at the start of the processing, streaks and crack marks may result from uneven abrasion. As denim garments are too expensive to reject, the streaks and crack marks are often filled in by hand with dye. All denim finishers are aware of these quality problems and therefore DeniPrime can be seen as a form of insurance. By using DeniPrime, finishers can be sure... 

The application of enzymes in textile finishing becomes more and more important. Enzymes offer an ecologically benign alternative to common textile chemical processes, and totally new possibilities and chances to the textile finisher. Common applications of enzymes in the textile industry include improvement of softness, shine, and smoothness (biofinishing) creation of washout effects on blue denim through use of cellulases instead of pumice stones. 

An estimated world market of 16 000 tpy for indigo is totally dominated by its use to dye denim, the cloth in jeans. Just when many plants had been scheduled to be shut down in the 1960s, the denim boom brought a renaissance of demand and interest awoke again in developing a more contemporary process. 

The use of pH buffers during the hydrolysis reaction is strongly recommended, especially when abrading denim fabrics. Cellulase enzymes have very narrow pH ranges of effectiveness and denim fabrics can have significant quantities of residual alkali from the indigo dyeing process. Buffers are required to maintain the appropriate reaction conditions for maximum enzyme effectiveness. 

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