Dendrimers molecular imprinting

Zimmerman SC, Wendland MS, Rakow NA, Zharov I, Suslick KS. Synthetic hosts by mono-molecular imprinting inside dendrimers. Nature (Lond) 2002 418 399-403. 

Fig. 6.6 Molecular imprinting with dendrimers (according to Zimmerman et al.)...

A novel approach to guest inclusion by dendrimers is the use of molecular imprinting . We will look at molecular imprinted polymers in more detail in Section 14.3. Generally the imprinting technique involves assembly of a covalent polymer - in this case dendrimer - about the target guest which acts... 

Nolte et al 46) produced an artificial enzyme based on the T4 replisome and applied it to the epoxidation of double bonds in synthetic polymers. Smith et al 51) reported that horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the oxidative polymerization of glucuronic acid. In recent literature, many biomimetic macromolecules with enzyme-like structures or functions have been reported including those that are dendrimers 64-66), those that have specified three-dimensional structures or recognition elements created by molecular imprinting 67), and other enzyme mimics 68). 

Binding assays were then conducted between the cored molecularly imprinted dendrimer 28 and a series of isomeric porphyrins (29-31). The binding constant was found to decrease from 3.3 x 10 to 1.6 x 10 to 0.9 x 10 (29-31, respectively) demonstrating that the receptor cavity was selective with respect to the positioning and/or basicity of the heteroatom in the pyridine ring. 

Scheme 5 Synthesis of molecularly imprinted dendrimers by Zimmerman and coworkers.

One particular asset of structured self-assemblies is their ability to create nano- to microsized domains, snch as cavities, that could be exploited for chemical synthesis and catalysis. Many kinds of organized self-assemblies have been proved to act as efficient nanoreactors, and several chapters of this book discnss some of them such as small discrete supramolecular vessels (Chapter Reactivity In Nanoscale Vessels, Supramolecular Reactivity), dendrimers (Chapter Supramolecular Dendrlmer Chemistry, Soft Matter), or protein cages and virus capsids (Chapter Viruses as Self-Assembled Templates, Self-Processes). In this chapter, we focus on larger and softer self-assembled structures such as micelles, vesicles, liquid crystals (LCs), or gels, which are made of surfactants, block copolymers, or amphiphilic peptides. In addition, only the systems that present a high kinetic lability (i.e., dynamic) of their aggregated building blocks are considered more static objects such as most of polymersomes and molecularly imprinted polymers are discussed elsewhere (Chapters Assembly of Block Copolymers and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Soft Matter, respectively). Finally, for each of these dynamic systems, we describe their functional properties with respect to their potential for the promotion and catalysis of molecular and biomolecu-lar transformations, polymerization, self-replication, metal colloid formation, and mineralization processes. 

P-cyclodextrin incorporated multiwalled carbon nanotube and gold NPs-polyamide amine dendrimer nanocomposites combining with water-soluble chitosan derivative A molecularly imprinted sensor for the detection of chlortetracycline [255]... 

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