Demonstration de 6.1.1 A

Lemme 6.2.1. Soient S un pr schema, E un S-preschema en groupes. extension d un S-preschema en groupss U, . a fibres connexes, par un S-groupe de type multiplicatif et de type fini H (c.a.d. U est le quotient de E f ar H pour la topologie f.p.q.c.). Alors E est une extension central . 

En effet, comme H est commutatif, le groupe U opere par au-tomorphismes interieurs sur H, par 1 intermediaire d un S-morphis-me de groupes 

Le foncteur Aut (H) est representable par un S-sch ma etale (Exp. X 5 10 ) et par suite la section unite est une immersion a la fois ouverte et ferm6e. Comme U est a fibres connexes, on en ddduit que u est le morphisme unite. 

Lemme 6.2.2. Avec les notations de 6.1.1, si E est tnviale, il existe un unique relevement de U dans E 

Soient done U et U deux relfevements de U dans E. Pour montrer que U U , nous pouvons supposer k algebriquement 

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Si le degre de Z sur la droite = X2 = 0 est egal 4 2, alors pour que Qg soit toujours un polynome de degr6 au plus 2, il est Clair que la trace a la forme donnee dans la demonstration de (6.4.1) done qu elle se prolonge sur tout I ouvert affine x 7 O. ... 

During secondary liquefaction at 95 C or 90 C, a r id reduction in viscosity was observed. At 90 C, the viscosity reduction was monitored over time with a Nametre viscometer. The results demonstrated there was a r id reduction in viscosity to 400 centipoise x gm/cm by 7 minutes into secondary liquefaction (Figure 6). The action patterns of the liquefied starches following secondary liquefaction demonstrated the characteristic cyclodextrin action pattern at both temperatures. DE values were < 1.0 indicating the absence of reducing end-groups consistent with the mechanism of a CGTase. 

Eevenons a la demonstration de IX 2.6. Le groupe G est done extension d une variate abeiienne A par un groupe lin4aire connexe. Soit L 1 adherence schematique de 1 dans G. D aprfes IX 2.2, il existe une immersion fermee i L — G1 pour un entier n eonvenable. II resulte de SGA 3... 

It has not been possible so far to establish that Cr is an essential element required by plants, however, addition of Cr to soils deficient in the element has been shown to increase growth rates and yields of potatoes, maize, rye, wheat or oats (Scharrer and Schropp, 1935 Huffman and Allaway, 1973 Bertrand and De Wolf, 1986). Nickel appears to be an essential element for plants (Farago and Cole, 1988). Zerner and coworkers (Dixon et al., 1975) demonstrated that urease isolated from jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) was a nickel enzyme. Eskew et al. (1983) have shown that Ni is an essential micronutrient for legumes. Most plants contain nickel in the range 1 - 6 mg kg-1 (Vanselow, 1966 Hutchinson, 1981). The uptake of Ni is enhanced by low pH values, and available nickel increases at pH less than 6.5 as a consequence of the breakdown of Ni complexes in the soil with Fe and Mn oxides. Uptake of nickel by plants and questions of toxicity and tolerance have been reviewed by Farago and Cole (1988). Nickel toxicity toward plants has been reviewed by Vanselow (1966) and Hutchinson (1981). 

When isolated aleurone layers of barley are incubated in a solution containing GA, they produce and secrete several hydrolytic enzymes. GA-dependent de novo synthesis has been demonstrated for a-amylase (13), protease (14), and 6-1,3-glucanase and ribonuclease (15). In addition, a GA-dependent release of ribonuclease and 6-1,3-glucanase has been demonstrated. The increase in activity of at least one hydrolase, 6-amylase, in the presence of GA is due to release of preformed enzyme and not to de novo synthesis. 

The measurement of various NMR parameters is demonstrated for 6-methoxy-A -benzylpurine in DMSO-de solution. Its H NMR spectrum is shown in Fig. 1. The H-NMR chemical shifts of selected purine derivatives 7 are summarized in Tables 1 -3. 

Ran argues 1.11. a) Le preschema de 6.10 s appellera comme de juste le nreschema des tores maximaux de G. On verra au N° 5 qu il est en fait affine sur S. On peut le verifier directement, lorsque G est iscmoiphe k un so us-prl schema en groupes feme d un preschema de la forme Gl(n), en uti-lisant XI 4.6 et en ranarquant que par le raisonnement de la demonstration de 1.7 b), s identifie k un soua-pre schema a la fois ouvert et ferme du preschema F qui represents les soue-groupes de type multiplicatif de G. ... 

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