Short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase

Yang, Y., Zhu, D., Piegat, T.J. and Hua, L. (2007) Enzymatic ketone reduction mapping the substrate profile of a short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase (YMR226c) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 18 (15), 1799-1803. 

However, this glycine-rich segment has other functions in short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases. Tanaka et al. [37] and our 3D modeling [60] indicate that this glycine rich segment has an important role in cofactor specificity and binding of the nicotinamide moiety to 11P-HSD. 

Persson , Krook M, Jomvall H. Characteristics of short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases and related enzymes. Eur J Biochem 200 1991 537-543. 

Krozowski Z. 11 (3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the short chain alcohol dehydrogenase (SCAD) superfamily. Mol Cell Endocrinol 84 1992 C25-C31. 

The reactions of Eq. 15-19 occur nonenzymatically only under the influence of strong base but dehydrogenases often catalyze similar condensations relatively rapidly and reversibly. Pyruvate inhibits lactate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase, and ketones inhibit a short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase in this manner.133,693... 

The short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases constitute a second superfamily whose members are widely distributed across all three phylogenetic kingdoms [42,43]. Sequence analysis of the yeast genome revealed a large number of potential proteins that would be part of this superfamily (Table 1), and we have recendy demonstrated that at least one of these is a key player in stereoselective reductions of 3-keto esters (vide infra) and it is likely that closely related proteins may also... 

Using a variety of known short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases as probes for BLAST searching of the yeast genome revealed an additional eight putative pro-... 

Z Krozowski. The short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily variations on a common theme. J Steroid Biochem Mole Biol 51 125-130, 1994. 

Simon, A., Heilman, U Wemstedt, C., and Eriksson, U. (1995). The retinal pigment epi-theLal-specific 11-crs retinol dehydrogenase belongs to the family of short chain alcohol dehydrogenases. /. Biol. Chem. 170, H07-JH2. 

Figure 6.62 Mechanism of short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases, illustrated with bacterial sorbitol dehydrogenase (the proposed mechanism also involves structured proton transfers beyond the lysine, for which there is no evidence beyond structural suggestion).

A low enantiomeric excess of a reduced product can result from the inability of the oxidoreduc-tase to recognize the structural features of the substrate enantio- and diastereoselectively45. By far the more common case is the competition of two or more enzymes with different enantiose-lectivities and Michaelis constants for the substrate. Yeast cells not only contain yeast alcohol dehydrogenase but several enzymes that arc able to catalyze reductions. At least three different enzymes capable of reducing /i-keto esters have been purified, of which two have D- and one has L-selectivity62-65. Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase has a rather narrow selectivity for short-chain alcohols and aldehydes and certainly is not the catalyst in many of the reductions performed with yeasts. 

Troplnone reductase 1 Datura stramonium short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase aODSB... 

Leenders, R, Husen, B., Thole, H.H. Adamski, J. (1994) ATo/. Cell. Endocrinol. 104, 127-131. The sequence of porcine 80kDa 17 p-estradiol dehydrogenase reveals similarities to the short chain alcohol dehydrogenase family, to actin binding motifs and to sterol carrier protein 2. 

Wallwey C, Matuschek M, Li S-M (2010) Ergot alkaloid biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus conversion of chanoclavine-I to chanoclavine-I aldehyde catalyzed by a short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase FgaDH. Arch Microbiol 192 127-134... 

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