Degree of connectivity

It has been observed in moving from the simplest cases to the more complex cases that, even in the simplest situation of elastic shock deformation, the observed effects can be considerably more complex than would be anticipated from extrapolation from tow pressure, smalt signal studies carried out in more conventional solid state physics. There is typically a degree of connection to the conventional work, but complexities, usually associated with defects, enter the picture from unanticipated directions. 

The highest level, at structural scales >10 nm, is that over which long-range transport takes place and diffusion depends on the degree of connectivity of the water pockets, which involves the concept of percolation. The observed decrease in water permeation with decreasing water volume fraction is more pronounced in sulfonated poly(ether ketone) than in Nafion, owing to differences in the state of percolation. Proton conductivity decreases in the same order, as well. 

A major interest to sequential IPN s relates to dual phase continuity, defined as a region of space where each of two phases maintain some degree of connectivity. An example is an air filter with the air flowing through it. A Maxwell demon can transverse all space within both the filter phase and the air phase, both phases being continuous. 

SAPO-37 stems from a direct gel restructuration large cavities form in the amorphous phase during the aging period at ambient temperature. The degree of connection between these cages is small and they do not present any regular ordering, which explains why they cannot be detected by XRD. 

This preliminary void structure does not develop much during the first 5h of heating only a homogenization of the sizes of the cavities or an increase in their degree of connection is observed. 

Boltom H40 dendritic molecules were covalently linked in this work to make a network with aliphatic 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). The molar NCO/OH ratio was varied for the reactants from 10 to 50% to prepare networks with different degrees of connectivity of dendritic units. The network samples are designated as H40/Z where Z stands for NCO/OH ratio expressed as a percentage. The network formation reaction of H40 with HDI was carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) of 99.8% purity at 90 C. No catalyst was added. Isocyanates react readily with moisture to form urea linkages, therefore special precautionary measures were implemented to prevent moisture uptake either by HDI or DMF. Observation of the reaction vessel was maintained over the course of the reaction to monitor the viscosity of the solution. As viscosity of the solution increased to the desired level, suggesting that the gelation point was near, the solution was cast onto a glass plate which was immediately placed... 

A percolating network forms an uninterrupted path between opposite boundaries of a system. The word spanning is used when the system has no boundary, like the surface of a single sphere. In this case, the degree of connectivity, at which a spanning network appears, is detected by the distribution of finite clusters in analogy to a percolation transition. 

The degree of connectivity among the schema s components determines its strength and accessibility. 

The magnitude of this cost function provides an estimate of the degree of connectivity of a given arrangement of SBUs. In Equation (7.2), the weight of each term is given by the depth of the Uennard-Jones potential well ( y). 

The derivation of permeability from porosity is not a simple task. Permeability is, of course, affected by porosity, but it is also controlled by the shape and size of pore throats that connect pores. The degree of connectivity of the total porosity and the dimensions of pore throats are critical to permeability. It is not possible to derive permeability from... 

Simple presence or counts of individual atoms, bonds, or features, such as rings, have been included in many descriptor sets used for substructure search. The CAS ONLINE dictionary [6], for instance, contains a variety of simple descriptors to represent individual atom counts, degree of connectivity, bond composition, unusual mass, valence, ring count, and type of ring (size and ring connectivity). 

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