Degradation contaminants from

The use of vegetation and its associated microorganisms, enzymes, and water consumption to contain, extract, or degrade contaminants from soil and groundwater. 

To maintain acceptable indoor air quality, the concentration of pollutants known to degrade indoor air quality and affect human health must be controlled. If the origin of the contaminant is known, it is more effective to exercise source control over any mitigation strategy. If the origin of the contaminants is not known, building ventilation and air cleaning and filtration are the two most commonly used processes to dilute or remove all types of contaminants from the indoor air and maintain acceptable indoor environmental conditions. 

Poor maintenance practices lead to dirty and degraded coolant, which affects tool life, surface finish and perhaps the welfare of the operator. Proper filtration is vital, and care must be taken that contamination from other coolants or machine lubricants is kept to a minimum. 

There has been considerable interest in the use of plants for bioremediation and this merits a rather extensive discussion. Plants can play an important role in bioremediation for several reasons (1) they can transport contaminants from the soil, (2) they can metabolize the contaminants after uptake, or (3) they can produce exudes that support microbial activity for degradation of the contaminants. In addition, bacteria can produce metabolites that counter the effect of toxins produced by fungi, and serve as biocontrol agents that diminish the need for the application of agrochemicals. Plant exudates play an important role in supporting the growth and activity of bacteria that carry out the degradation of contaminants in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane (the external surface of roots... 

Kasai Y, Y Takahata, M Manefield, K Watanabe (2006) RNA-based stable isotope probing and isolation of anaerobic benzene-degrading bacteria from gasoline-contaminated groundwater. Appl Environ Microbiol 72 3586-3592. 

The use of degradation rates to determine the age of a contaminant plume assumes a contaminant from a single, slug-type release, which degrades to a more recalcitrant chemical compound (i.e., trichloroethene degrading to 1,2-dichloroethene), will enter the water table or aquifer at a point in time when none of the daughter product is present in the aquifer ... 

Reactor in a combination of a membrane bioreactor and a bubble-column and was designed for simultaneous degradation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic contaminants from the gas phase. 

Two particular aspects of the transport of degradable contaminants were considered in laboratory experiments that used soil originating from the field experiments described in the previous sections. Studies on diffnsion of degradable insecticides were performed in diffusion cells, while the spatial redistribntion of pesticides from a point source was measured in specially designed pans (60 cm high, 40 cm diameter). Periodic sampling and contaminant analysis enabled visnaUzation of the contaminant transport pathway. 

The Biotrol system is comprised of two parts (1) a suspended-growth culture vessel and (2) a bioreactor that is fed with contaminated groundwater and effluent from the culture vessel. From the culture vessel, the bacteria are transferred to the bioreactor and contacted with contaminated water. The bacteria degrade contaminants within the bioreactor. 

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