Ddl - Didanosine

At present there are seven NRTIs, which have been formally approved for the treatment of AIDS 3 -azido-2, 3 -dideoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine), 2, 3 -dideoxyinosine (ddl, didanosine), 2, 3 -dideoxycytidine (ddC, zalcitabine), 2, 3 -didehydro-2, 3 -dideoxythymidine (d4T, stavudine), (—)-L-3 -thia-2, 3 -dideoxycytidine (3TC, lamivudine), cyclopentenyl V -cyclopropylaminopurine (abacavir, ABC), and (—)-L-5-fluoro-3 -thia-2, 3 -dideoxycytidine ((—)FTC, emtricitabine) (De Clercq 2004a) (Fig. 3). 

APV, amprenavir ATV, atazanavir CNS, central nervous system CVD, cardiovascular disease D/C, discontinue ddC, zalcitabine ddl, didanosine DEXA, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry d4T, stavudine EFV, efavirenz HDL, high-density lipoprotein HIV, human immunodeficiency virus HTN, hypertension IDV, indinavir LDL, low-density lipoprotein LPV/r, lopinavir+ ritonavir MRI, magnetic resonance imaging NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor NVP, nevirapine PI, protease inhibitor RTV, ritonavir SQV, saquinavir TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate TG, triglyceride TPV/r, tipranivir + ritonavir ZDV, zidovudine. 

TC Lamivudine ABC Abacavir d4T Stavudine ddC Zalcitabine ddl Didanosine TDF Tenofovir ZDV Zidovudine, also abbreviated as AZT FTC Emtricitabine NVP Nevirapine DLV Delavirdine EFV Efavirenz RTV, r Ritonavir Pl/r Ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor SQV Saquinavir IDV Indinavir LPV Lopinavir NEV Nelfinavir APV Amprenavir ATV Atazanavir DRV Darunavir... 

CMV Cytomegalovirus CYP Cytochrome P450 d4T Stavudine ddC Zalcitabine ddl Didanosine EBV Epstein-Barr virus FTC Emtricitabine... 

ABBREVIATIONS EFV, efavirenz 3TC, lamivudine AZT, zidovudine TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate d4T, stavudine LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir coformulation FTC, emtricitabine NVP, nevirapine ddl, didanosine ATV, atazanavir fosAPV, fosamprenavir RTV, ritonavir IDV, indinavir NFV, nelfinavir SQV, saquinavir. 

FIGURE 50-3 Intracellular activation of nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Drugs and phosphory-lated anabolites are abbreviated the enzymes responsible for each conversion are spelled out. The active antiretroviral anabolite for each drug is shown in the blue box. Key ZDV, zidovudine d4T, stavudine ddC, dideoxycytidine FTC, emtricitabine 3TC, lamivudine ABC, abacavir ddl, didanosine DF, disoproxil fumarate MP, monophosphate DP, diphosphate TP, triphosphate AMP, adenosine monophosphate CMP, cytosine monophosphate dCMP, deoxycytosine monophosphate IMP, inosine 5 -monophosphate PRPP, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate NDR, nucleoside diphosphate. 

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