Cytisus laburnum

Cytisus Laburnum L. (Laburnum vulgare Presl.) and Euchresta... 

Caulophyllum thalictroides (Berberidaceae), Baptisia pefoliata, Cytisus laburnum, Lupinus albus, Ormosia stipitata, Spartiumjunceum, Thermopsis rhombfolia (Fabaceae)... 

A -Methylcytisine Baptisia tinctorial, Cytisus laburnum, HypoGlc (DB mouse)... 

Lupanine Quinolizidine Lupinus, Genista, Cytisus Laburnum, Spartium Yes No... 

Fig. 75.—Part of a cross-section through branch of Cytisus laburnum. (The branch was cut from the tree at the end of October.) Prom A to E the last annual ring of wood from A to B the spring growth with large tracheal tubes T, T, T) between B and C and D and D are wood-fibers between C and D and D and E, wood parenchyma from E to F, cambium F to G, phloem portion C to H, cortical parenchyma M, medullary ray. Below A the last woodrfibers and wood parenchyma formed the previous year. From Sayre after Haberlandt.)...

Labeled cadaverine and lysine when administered to Cytisus laburnum L. gave rise, in good yield, to cytisine and its JV-methyl derivative. The formation of iV-methylcytisine from cytisine is a secondary process and may be a detoxication mode. The elimination of C-2 as benzoic acid provided one fifth of the total activity. The formation of cytisine (VIII) from sparteine by degradation is a possibility. Nowacki and Byerrum 27-30) were unable to observe activity at C-2 of cytisine and arrived at other conclusions. In view of the ready conversion of angustifoline into epihydroxylupanine (31-33) the former was postulated as the precursor of the tetracyclic lupine bases (34). 

Cytamen cyanocobalamin. cytarabine [ban, inn. jan, usan] (cytarabine hydrochloride [usan] Ara C Cytosar Cytosar-U ) is an antimetabolite cytotoxic ANTICANCER and ANTIVIRAL AGENT isolated from the mushroom Xerocomm nigromaculatus. It works by interfering with pyrimidine synthesis. Clinically, it can be used sys-temically in anticancer treatment mainly of acute leukaemia, cytidine diphosphate choline dticoline. cytidine diphosphocholine dticoline. cytisine is an alkaloid with CNS STIMULANT, RESPIRATORY STIMULANT and psychoactive properties. It has been used clinically as a respiratory stimulant in Russia. It is a common cause of poisoning by the seeds of Cytisus laburnum. 

Cytisoside.—Paris and Stambouli have suggested that cytisoside, isolated by Paris from Cytisus laburnum L. (Golden Rain), may be the... 

Cytisine occurs in the seeds of Cytisus laburnum L. and other Leguminosae. 

Bojadschiewa, M. et al., New method for obtaining cytisine from seeds of Cytisus laburnum, Phar-... 

Besides the P. coccineus suspensor, other suspensors have been analyzed with the object of testing the hypothesis that all massive suspensors have high GA content. Work carried out on Tropeolum majus and Cytisus laburnum confirmed that this was indeed the case [34] GA-like activity even higher than in P. coccineus suspensor was found, and GAg3 Sp hydroxy GA4) was identified as the main GA in the T. majus suspensor [33]. 

The appropriate time in the biosynthesis for the methylation reaction to occur and, of course, the correct position of the methyl group in the molecule, have important influences on modifying the skeleton. This is particularly true for the isoquinoline skeleton, especially in alkaloids of the morphine and aporphine groups (see p. 204 for structures). Methylation is considered to be a type of detoxication reaction. Thus Pohm (1966) has observed that in seedlings of Cytisus laburnum with removed cotyledons, cultivated in appropriate feeding solution, addition of small amounts of cytisine was inhibitory, whereas 50 times as much methylcytisine had no effect. Moreover, it seemed that methylcytisine acted as a type of antagonist toward cytisine. Generally methylation is considered to diminish the reactivity of a compound (Mothes, 1965, 1966). 

Cytisine, methylcytisine, and anagyrine were obtained from Cytisus laburnum (Leguminosae). All parts of the plant are poisonous because of the cytisine. It is one of the Cytisus alkaloids (95, 96). 

Quinohzidine alkaloids, hypothetically derived from quinolizidine (10-18), are a special group of bicyclic, tricyclic and tetracyclic secondary metabolites of some legumes, especially legumes of the genera Lupinus, Baptisia, Thermopsis, Genista, Cytisus, Chamae-cytisus. Laburnum and Sophora (Fabaceae), which occur as a complex mixture of several compounds. Quinolizidine alkaloids are... 

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