Cysteine specificity

HypA 13.2 8.6% cysteine Specific for Hyd3 HybF is homologue for Hyd 1 and Hyd2... 

Kots, A. Y., Skurat, A. V., Serienko, E. A., Bulargina, T. V., and Severin, E. S. (1992). Nitric oxide stimulates the cysteine-specific mono(ADP-ribosylation) of glyceralde-hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from human. erythrocytes. FEBS Lett. 300, 9-12. Kowaluk, E. A., and Fung, H. L. (1990). Spontaneous liberation of nitric oxide cannot account for in vitro vascular relaxation by S-nitrosothiols. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 255,... 

Bahler M, Benfenati F, Valtorta F et al (1989) Characterization of synapsin I fragments produced by cysteine-specific cleavage a study of their interactions with F-actin. J Cell Biol 108 1841-9 Bai J, Chapman ER (2004) The C2 domains of synaptotagmin-partners in exocytosis. Trends Biochem Sd 29 143-51... 

L-/D-cvsteine. Hydrogen sulfide is produced from L-cysteine in a light-independent process that can be inhibited in vivo and in vitro by aminooxy acetic acid, an inhibitor of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes the hydrogen sulfide emitted in response to L-cysteine is directly derived from die L-cysteine fed ( 2 ). Therefore, hydrogen sulfide appears to be produced from L-cysteine by a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent, L-cysteine specific cysteine desulfhydrase. This conclusion is supported by the finding that in cucurbit... 

At pH-values of 5 - 7 typical cysteine/pentose products are formed via 1-deoxypentosone (Figure 7). 2-Methyl-3-thiolanone is a flavor contributing component in roasted coffee (with a threshold of 50 ppb) and 2-methyl-3-mercaptothiophene is a component of roasted/ cooked beef ( 1 0). Two thianones were identified for the first time as cysteine specific Maillard products. 2-Me-thyl-4-thianone and 4-thianone (not shown in Figure 7) were also detected in the glucose, erythrose and ascorbic acid experiments. 

Figure 8 outlines possible routes leading to cysteine specific products via 1-deoxypentosone. Under the chosen reaction conditions, (180 °C H-O) norfuraneol is further transformed via 4-hydroxy-5-metnyl-3-(2H)-thiophenone and 2-methyl-3-(2H)-thiophenone, into 2-methyl-3-mercapto-thiophene and 2-methylthiophene, respectively. Norfuraneol is a methylene active compound, which undergoes aldolcondensation with carbonyls forming colored nonvolatile products. 2-Mercaptopropionic acid may be formed from the mercaptoketone by oxidative cleavage. By this route 2-methyl-3-thiolanone and 2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-thiophene may result. 

In the cysteine/glucose model experiments glucose reduc-tone, acetylformoin, furaneol and cyclotene were detected as major constituents indicating that the 1-deoxy-osone route is operative at pH-values o 5 to 7. As main component we identified by MS, IR- and H-NMR-spectroscopy 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)thiophenone. Obviously this compound is less reactive than the corresponding norfuraneol derivative. Thiofuraneol is also formed from glucose/reductone, acetylformoin and furaneol as demonstrated in model experiments. Surprisingly, it is not formed in cysteine/rhamnose experiments, where furaneol is a major compound. In addition 2-acetyl-4-thiolanone and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-3-thiolanone were identified for the first time as cysteine specific products. 

Kaur, J., Bachhawat, A. K. (2007) Yctlp, a novel, high-affinity, cysteine-specific transporter from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics, 176, 877-890. 

Isolated proteins labeled with cysteine-specific tag... 

The cysteine-specific electroactive label N-(2-ferrocenemethyl)maleiniide 24 was synthesized [39] and applied to label several enzymes containing cysteine residues either in their native sequence or introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. 

Hong, H.G., Jiang, M., Sligar, S.G., and Bohn, P.W. (1994). Cysteine-specific surface tethering of genetically-engineered cytochromes for fahricalion of metalloprotein nanostructures. Langmuir 10 (1), 153 158. 

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