Cyanogen chloride chemical

Some compounds have a detoxification rate that is significant. Because the body detoxifies such chemical agents as AC and cyanogen chloride (CK) at a fairly rapid rate, it takes high concentrations of these agents to produce maximum casualty effects. 

Guides for Emergency Response Chemical Agent or Weapon Cyanogen Chloride (CK) ... 

Industrial Agents Chemicals manufactured for industrial purposes rather than to specifically kill or maim human beings. Hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and chloropicrin are industrial chemicals that can be military agents as well AC, CK, CG, and PS. Many herbicides and pesticides are industrial chemicals that also can be chemical agents. 

Chemical/Physical. Kanno et al. (1982) studied the aqueous reaction of benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, and naphthalene) with hypochlorous acid in the presence of ammonium ion. They reported that the aromatic ring was not chlorinated as expected (forming chlorobenzene) but was cleaved by chloramine forming cyanogen chloride (Kanno et al, 1982). 

Chemical/Physical. Under atmospheric conditions, the gas-phase reaction of o-xylene with OH radicals and nitrogen oxides resulted in the formation of o-tolualdehyde, o-methylbenzyl nitrate, nitro-o-xylenes, 2,3-and 3,4-dimethylphenol (Atkinson, 1990). Kanno et al. (1982) studied the aqueous reaction of o-xylene and other aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, w and p-xylene, and naphthalene) with hypochlorous acid in the presence of ammonium ion. They reported that the aromatic ring was not chlorinated as expected but was cleaved by chloramine forming cyanogen chloride. The amount of cyanogen chloride formed increased at lower pHs (Kanno et al., 1982). In the gas phase, o-xylene reacted with nitrate radicals in purified air forming the following products 5-nitro-2-methyltoluene and 6-nitro-2-methyltoluene, o-methylbenzaldehyde, and an aryl nitrate (Chiodini et ah, 1993). 

US Department of Health and Human Services Occupational Safety and health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards-Supplement IV-OHG. Cyanogen chloride, pp 1-8. Publications Dissemination, EID, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, 1995... 

CK. U.S. military designation for Chemical Warfare Agent,Cyanogen Chloride. See Vol 2, pC167-L... 

Cyanogen Chloride. See CK under Chemical Agents or Chemical Warfare Agents, Vol 2, p C167-L... 

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