Cyanobacteria culture

Cyanobacteria (cultured) i 13 i i Cyanobacteria (natural) l — Photosynthetic bacteria i i ... 

Figure 1 Time course of in vivo nitrogenase ( ), and H2 producing ( ) activities of some cyanobacteria. Culture were transferred to BG1 l0(N-free) medium zero time.

Free-living bacteria are, however, used as the source of the enzyme nitrogenase, responsible for N2 fixation (1,4,26,80), for research purposes because these ate easier to culture. The enzyme is virtually identical to that from the agriculturally important thizobia. These free-living N2-fixets can be simply classified into aerobes, anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, photosynthetic bacteria, and cyanobacteria. 

University of Toronto Culture Collection of Algae and Cyanobacteria (UTCC). 

With advances in methods of isolation and cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria, and the striking bioactivity of other microbial metabolites, research into the chemistry of culturable algae has escalated since the 1990s. Metabolites from these... 

Johnson et al. (1999) measured 5 " Se in volatilized Se, presumably in the form of alkylselenides, that was generated by cyanobacterial mats and incubated soils. For the cyanobacteria, an early sample of a vigorously growing culture yielded no measurable difference between the volatilized Se and the growth medium, whereas a later sample was enriched in the hghter isotope by 1.1 %o. In the soil volatilization experiments, four samples from two different incubated soils were analyzed. All of the samples 8 Se values were within 0.6%o of the total Se in the soil. Both the cyanobacteria and soil experiments were not highly controlled, but they do suggest that isotopic fractionation related to volatilization is small. 

In this system, oxygen is produced by photosystem II, as in green plants and cyanobacteria. The photosynthetic electron transfer, via photosystem I, is linked by low-potential electron carriers to hydrogenase, which produces H2 (Fig. 10.3). Benemann and Weare (1974) then went on to investigate H2 evolution by N2-fixing cyanobacterial cultures as a whole-cell source of hydrogen energy. 

In 1999, Rickards et al. reported the isolation of calothrixins A (377) and B (378) from photoautrophic cultures of Calothrix cyanobacteria (345). These two, novel, pentacyclic carbazole alkaloids contain a quinolino[4,3-fc]carbazole-l,4-quinone framework. Calothrixins A and B inhibit the growth of a chloroquin-resistant strain of the malaria parasite P. falciparum and human HeLa cancer cells (345). 

Markov SA, Thomas AD, Bazin MJ, Hall DO (1997) Photoproduction of hydrogen by cyanobacteria under partial vacuum in batch culture or in a photobioreactor. Int J Hydrogen Energy 22 521-524... 

P. Henriksen, W.W. Carmichael, J.S. An and 0. Moestrup, Detection of an anatoxin-a(s)-like anticholinesterase in natural blooms and cultures of cyanobacteria/blue-green algae from Danish lakes and in the stomach contents of poisoned birds, Toxicon, 35 (1997) 901-913. 

W.P. Brooks and G.A. Codd, Immunoassay of hepatotoxic cultures and water blooms of cyanobacteria using Microcystis areuginosa peptide toxin polyclonal antibodies, Environ. Technol. Lett., 9 (1988) 1343-1348. 

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