Cyanidins protective effects

Serraino I, Dugo L, Dugo P, Mondello L, Mazzon E, Dugo G, Caputi AP and Cuzzocre S. 2003. Protective effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside from blackberry extract against peroxynitrite-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular failure. Life Sci 73(9) 1097-1114. 

Tsuda, T., Horio, F., Kitoh, J., and Osawa, T., Protective effects of dietary cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside on liver ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 368, 361-366, 1999. 

The antioxidative role of anthocyanins and flavones in providing stable blue flower colors in the angiosperms has been studied. The leaf anthocyanins and flavones showed a protective effect against UV-B radiation. These protective UV-B flavonoids in angiosperms were mainly kaempferol (9), quercetin (10), cyanidin (51), luteolin (65), and isoorientin C-glycoside (flavone C-glycoside, 66) (Fig. 14) [35]. 

Qin L, Zhang J, Qin M (2013) Protective effect of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside on beta-amyloid peptide-induced cognitive impairment in rats. Neurosci Lett 534 285-288... 

Another possible via for the protection against cancer is the inhibition of DNA damage. Sarma and Sharma [41] have observed that copigmentation between cyanidin derivatives and DNA has a protective effect on both molecules against the action of hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction. 

Anthocyanins impart red-purple color to fruits and flowers due to varying composition of its aglycones such as pelargonidin, cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin. The color of these pigments is influenced by pH and metal imi complexes [52]. A large number of recent reports suggest that anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich berries or their extracts exhibit a wide range of protective effects with potential benefits for human and animal health [52,53]. It has been... 

Arteel and Sies (1999) examined procyanidin oligomers of different size, isolated from the seeds of Theobroma cacao, for their ability to protect against nitration of tyrosine. Serraino and others (2003) investigated antioxidant activity of the blackberry juice and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on endothelial dysfunction in cells and in vascular rings exposed to peroxynitrite. However, more work is needed in this area, and the confounding effects of oxidized protein/amino acids in the diet need to be elucidated. 

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