Cutaneous adnexa

Hair arises in the epithelial sheath thrust into the demois. On the major portion of the surface of the human body, except for the palms of the 

These are made up of a unique channel which forms a deep groove and rises in a spiral fashion 

Secretion is effected in the deep parts called glomeruli. The secretory cells are cuboidal and are surrounded by a layer of myoepithelial cells which have contractile properties. The majority of the sweat glands are of the eccrine type. The sweat they produce is slightly acidic and is mostly composed of water. The evaporation of sweat from the skin allows a decrease in body heat. 

The dermis is made up of collagen, mostly of type I, although it is mixed with reticulin (collagen type 111) and elastin. It contains blood vessels, nerves, pilosebaceous adnexa with their muscles, and sweat glands. One distinguishes the papillary dermis located immediately under the epidermis and around the adnexa and the reticular dermis made up of thick bunches of collagen which constitutes the rest of the epidermis. 

Collagen fibers are elaborated by fibroblasts with a fusiform star-shaped nuclei and poorly visible cytoplasm. These cells have a dendritic character visible on special stains and have also been called dendritic cells. They probably have the same function as those of usual fibroblasts which are probably less active because they are in a resting phase. Also, one finds other cells in the dermis, such as histiocytes, some rare mast cells, and lymphocytes, usually around blood vessels. 

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Shappell SB, Keeney DS, Zhang J, Page R, Olson SJ, Brash AR. 15-Lipoxygenase-2 expression in benign and neoplastic sebaceous glands and other cutaneous adnexa. J Invest Dermatol. 117 (2001a) 36-43. 

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