Cultural property immunity from

The basic principle of hybridoma technology is shown in Fig. 2.23. B cells obtained from the spleens of mice immunized with the antigen of interest are fused with estabhshed mouse myeloma cells. Myeloma cells are transformed cancerous cells of the B lymphocyte lineage with infinite growth capacity. While many myeloma cell hnes continue to secrete their antibody, others lose the ability to produce antibodies. Spleen cells from immunized animals are fused with non-antibody-producing myeloma cells, resulting in a hybrid cell which inherits the properties of both the fusion partners. Thus the hybrids are capable of continued growth in culture like the myeloma cell and also maintain the antibody production of the spleen B cell. 

New cell culture techniques, which may improve the applicability of renal epithelial cultures, are also required. Currenfly there exist two commercially available cell culture perfusion systems, which allow the continuous perfusion of culture media and optimized oxygenation [243]. These systems allow stable longterm culture of quiescent adherent cells [244]. Continuous medium perfusion furthermore may lead to the re-expression of lost functions in continuous cell hues and the maintenance of differentiated properties in primary cells. Recently our laboratory has demonstrated that LLC-PKj cells maintained in a newly developed perfusion system (EpiFlow ) changed from a glycolytic to a more oxidative phenotype [72]. Evidence is also available from experiments in our laboratory that this mode of cultivation helps to prolong the lifetime of primary cultures of proximal tubular cells. Combining perfusion culture with co-culture of a cell type that is an anatomical neighbour in vivo (e.g. epithelial with endothelial, interstitial or immune cells) may improve the state of differentiation of both partner cells and increase the complexity of autocrine and paracrine interaction [73]. 

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