Cultural influences

Isis current bibliography of the history of science and its cultural influences. 2004-2005... 

Dalton, Pamela, and Gary K. Beauchamp. Establishment of Odor Response Profiles Ethnic, Racial and Cultural Influences. Philadelphia, PA Monell Chemical Senses Center, February 4, 1999. 

Scholz M, Lin JE, Lee VE1, Keipert S. Pilocarpine permeability across ocular tissues and cell cultures Influence of formulation parameters. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 18 455-468 (2002). 

The regulation of food intake in humans is complex. In addition to genetic and cultural influences, it involves the action of leptin, insulin, ghrelin, PYY, cholecystokinin, and amylin. Most of these molecules act by signaling to the brain. 

Hershko, A. and Tomkins, G.M. (1971). Studies on the degradation of tyrosine aminotransferase in hepatoma cells in culture. Influence of the composition of the medium and adenosine triphosphate dependence. J. Biol. Chem. 246, 710-714. 

A particular illustration of this cross-cultural influence is the question of whether one can pump states directly coupled to the transition state. In the Rydberg problem the answer is very much yes because these are often the states that are optically excited. They are directly coupled to the continuum but are also coupled to other Rydberg series, where n is lower and the core is more excited. 

The role of community and cultural influences on inhalant use remains uncertain. Some researchers attribute higher use rates among Latinos to poverty, lack of opportunity, and social problems, rather than ethnicity. Others have found traits that distinguish families with greater rates of inhalant abuse, regardless of economic... 

Even though there are many leadership definitions, Komvies, Lucas, and McMahon (1998) noted several basic assumptions about leadership that are incorporated into the preceding definitions. These assumptions are that leadership is a learned behavior, is teachable, occurs at all levels of the organization, does not require a charismatic personality, is a relational process, is culturally influenced, requires followership, involves purposeful change that satisfies collective needs... 

Positivists assert that the risks are directly observable and measurable science is provable9. Relativists hold the view that scientific knowledge is bounded by paradigms of our understanding of the physical world [6]. Paradigms are incommensurable, so scientific discoveries are therefore always relative [7]. Two forms of relativism are differentiated constrained [6] and unconstrained [8]. The latter approach holds that the real world is 100% constructed through social and cultural influences [9]. The three approaches of positivism, constrained relativism and unconstrained relativism are schematically represented in Figure 1.1. 

Wilkinson, R. (1970). The prevention of drinkinjt problems Alcohol control and cultural influences. 

The patient has any religious or cultural influence that would cause him or her to resist taking the medication... 

Cultural influences are learned values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors that can affect administering medication to the patient. For example, a patient may avoid pain medication because of a fear of addiction to it. Likewise, a patient who is taking antihypertensive medication might also be eating garlic to help lower blood pressure. The combination could result in hypotension. 

When cultural influences might have an adverse effect on medicating the patient, the healthcare provider should educate the patient about the benefits of taking the medication and the risks of substituting or combining cultural-based treatments. It is important that the healthcare provider remaining nonjudgmental about the patient s decision. 

A patient s culture influences how to teach the patient about medication. Here are factors that influence communication in some cultures ... 

Culturally determined health beliefs and practices can also profoundly influence psychiatric assessment and psychopharmacotherapy. Cultural influences on symptoms manifested by Asian patients may mislead clinicians who are unfamiliar with Asian culture and health beliefs (Lin et al. 1995). For example, Asians are likely to express their problems in behavioral or somatic terms rather than in emotional ones. Also, Asian patients often present with somatic rather than psychological complaints and seek help from primary care physicians. However, findings from a recent epidemiological study of depressive disorders suggest that Chinese Americans are not adverse to expressing problems in emotional idioms (Takeuchi et al. 1998). 

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