CT brain

Fig. 6.10. A CT brain scan of a 40-year-old man with mitochondrial cytopathy, showing calcification of the basal ganglia and hypodensity in the left temporal...

Fig. 7.1. Intracerebral hemorrhage, (a) A CT brain scan showing a typical deep "hypertensive" primary intracerebral hemorrhage, (b) These CT brain scans showing a right frontal arteriovenous malformation causing hemorrhage.

Often no cause is found. Acute subdural hemorrhage appears hyperintense on CT brain scan whereas chronic subdural hematomas appear hypodense (Fig. 7.3). Hematomas of intermediate age, approximately four to six weeks, are often isodense to gray matter on CT and may be overlooked. 

Fig. 10.2. These CT brain scans show a small hemorrhage in the left basal ganglia/ internal capsule (arrow) visible as a hyperintense area on day 1 that has become hypodense by day 3,...

Fig. 11.1. These CT brain scans show an acute right cortical hemorrhage on the day of the stroke (a open arrow), which has become hypodense on repeat scanning seven days later (b black arrow).

Fig. 16.1. A CT brain scan of a patient with stroke taken on day three after onset, illustrating the difficulty...

Fig. 21.2. A CT brain scan showing the development of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction in a young woman who subsequently underwent hemicraniectomy.

Fig. 22.1. A CT brain scan showing a primary intracerebral hemorrhage with rupture into the ventricular system (open arrow) and considerable mass effect (black arrow).

Fig. 29.1. A CT brain scan from a young woman with superior sagittal sinus thrombosis showing the "empty delta sign" - a triangular pattern of enhancement surrounding a central relatively hypodense area of thrombosis (arrow).

Fig. 29.2. Non-contrast CT brain scans showing fresh thrombus in the straight sinus ("cord sign") (a arrow) and a hemorrhagic left temporal lobe infarct (b).

Fig. 30.1. These CT brain scans from a patient with a burst right middle cerebral artery aneurysm (arrow) show widespread subarachnoid blood, and rupture into the right cerebral hemisphere and the ventricular system.

All patients with suspected SAH and a normal CT brain require lumbar puncture (van der Wee et al. 1995). The lumbar puncture should be delayed until at least 12 hours after the onset of the headache, unless CNS infection is suspected, to allow hemoglobin to degrade... 

Figure 31.1. Ischemic and hemorrhagic str oke. Computed tomography (CT) brain scans of two patients, one witli ischemic sUoke (left) and one witli hemonhagic stioke (right).

A 51-year-old man underwent double lung transplantation for pulmonary fibrosis, accidentally received an infusion of ciclosporin 30 mg/hour instead of 3 mg/hour, and 3 hours later had bilateral reactive mydriasis and absence of tendon reflexes. A CT brain scan showed diffuse cerebral edema, and massive intracranial hjrpertension rapidly developed. He died 5 hours later from brainstem compression, and pathological examination showed diffuse cerebral edema with neuronal necrosis. 

A 47-year-old woman, with a history of amphetamine abuse, depression, and paranoia, smoked heroin for 4 weeks after stopping amphetamines, and 10 days later became drowsy and confused with increased paranoia and depression. She was disoriented and restless. Her speech was garbled. She had frequent non-purposeful movements and an unsteady gait. A CT brain scan was normal. She was given chlorpro-mazine, doxepin, and diazepam, but her ataxia and incontinence worsened, her speech and all her... 

Poskitt KJ, Steinbok P, Flodmark O. Methotrexate leuko-encephalopathy mimicking cerebral abscess on CT brain scan. Childs Nerv Syst 1988 4(2) 119-21. 

Brouwers P, Riccardi R, Fedio P, et al Long-term neuropsychologic sequelae of childhood leukemia correlation with CT brain scan abnormalities. J Pediatr 106 723-728, 1985... 

Lovelock CE, Anslow P, Molyneux AJ, Byrne JV, Kuker W, Pretorius PM, CouU A, Rothwell PM Substantial observer variability in the differentiation between primary intracerebral hemorrhage and hemorrhagic transformation of infarction on ct brain imaging. Stroke 2009 40 pp. 3763-3767. 

An early report from our group indicated that, in the absence of early recanalization, CTA-Sl typically defines minimal final infarct size and, hence, like DWI and thresholded CBF maps (Fig.5.5, 5.6), can be used to identify infarct core in the acute setting [34] (Figs. 5.5, 5.6). Coregistration and subtraction of the conventional, unenhanced CT brain images from the axial, post contrast CTA source images should result in quantitative blood volume maps of the entire brain [15, 27, 70]. CTA-SI subtraction maps, obtained by coregistration and subtraction of the unenhanced head CT... 

CNS MRI/CT- brain atrophy, dilated ventricles Axial hypotonia/peripheral hypertonicity + ... 

DaTscan ([ Ijloflupane Injection DaTscan is the approved name in the USA and DaTSCAN is the approved name in the European Union) is a radiopharmaceutical approved in Europe and the USA, used for single-photon emission CT brain imaging. DaTscan binds to the dopamine transporter membrane (as opposed to vesicular) located on presynaptic terminals of dopaminergic neurons, and thereby, identifies loss of functional dopaminergic neuron terminals. DaTscan was performed in 135 patients. One patient had an adverse event (headache) with suspected relationship to DaTscan administration [62 j. 

Fig. 1 CT brain image of early infarct (a) Image before windowing process and (b) grayscale image after undergoing convorsion process...

Fig. 2 CT brain image of early infarct case, (a) Early infarct area indicated by a circle, (b) Early infarct area is represented by ted color...

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