Crystals erbium-doped

Pollack also observes that the transition probabilities in his erbium-doped crystal change with concentration. He ascribes the decrease in emission intensity of certain transitions to reductions in radiative-transition... 

Erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet, a crystal used for lasers. It lases at a fundamental wavelength of 2.94 gm. 

T1O2 sol-gel layers, 27 Er-Zr second shell coordinations, 27 ESA. See excited state absorption etching technique, 442 ETU. See energy transfer upconversion Euler s critical stress, 226 europium-activated photonic crystal, 379 europium-doped systems. See also erbium-doped systems aluminum-codoping, 378 electric dipole aspects, 373 FLN spectra, 376 luminescence spectra, 374 magnetic dipole aspects, 373 non-radiative lifetimes, 375 non-radiative transitions, 375 radiative lifetimes, 375 room temperature spectra, 376 silica gels, 376... 

G. Dantelle, M. Mortier, D. Vivien, EPR and optical studies of erbium-doped doped /3-PbF2 single-crystals and nanocrystals of transparent glass-ceramics, Phys. Chem. Chenu Phys. 9, 5591-5598 (2007). 

M. Mortier, P. Goldner, C. Chateau, M. GenoteUe, Erbium-doped glass-ceramics concentration effects on crystal structure and energy transfer between active ions, J. Alloys Comp. 323, 245-249 (2001). 

We have briefly encountered the solid-state fluoride electrode, which has a fully nemstian response down to c. 10 mol dm . The fluoride electrode is iiiunersed in a test solution of fluoride ion (usually aqueous), and the emf is then determined. At its heart is a single crystal of lanthanum fluoride doped with erbium fluoride, (see Figure 3.10). Like the pH electrode, a full fluoride electrode also contains a small reference electrode, meaning that a fluoride electrode is in reality a cell. The fluoride electrode does not suffer from interference from CP, so an AgCl Ag reference is the normal choice owing to its convenience and compact size. 

Van Deun et al. were the first to observe near-infrared luminescence from lanthanide-doped liquid crystal mixtures They studied the spectroscopic properties of the lanthanide(III) / -diketonate complexes [L (dbm)3(phen)], where Ln = neodymium, erbium, ytterbium, and dbm is dibenzoylmethane, in the liquid crystal MBBA. By incorporation of an erbium(III)-doped nematic liquid crystal (ErCls dissolved in E7) in the pores of microporous silicon, narrowing of the erbium(III) emission band in the near-infrared was observedJ Luminescent optically active liquid crystals were obtained by doping [Eu(tta)3-3H20] into a mixture of cho-lesteryl nonanoate, cholesteryl tetradecanoate and the ternary liquid crystal mixture ZLI1083 from MerckJ ... 

The absorption and emission spectra of thulium and erbium were studied in phosphate and borate glass by Reisfeld and Eckstein (31, 32). Their objectives were 1) to study the influence of two different glass hosts on the transition probabilities of trivalent Er and Tm ions (henceforth R.E.), 2) to compare the intensities of the spectra of these R. E. in glcisses with those of liquid solutions and doped oxide lattices, and 3) to compare the broadening of the R. E. fluorescence bands in glasses with those in aqueous solutions and doped crystals. 

Glass fibers, up to 0.5 m in length and 5 to 30 jjm in diameter were pulled from the apparatus at rates of 1.0-1.5 m/s before crystallization terminated the process. The fibers had a homogeneous appearance and smooth surfaces. They were transparent, highly flexible, and x-ray amorphous. Glass fibers of this kind, which were also made from erbium- or neodynium-doped yttria alumina compositions, would therefore expand the range of fiber lasers into the mid-infrared. 

Figure 9.11 DTA curves of the glass 50GeO2 40PbO 10PbF2, with various erbium compounds used as doping species. The arrow points out the crystallization peak of the Pbp2 phase. Reproduced from reference 20. Copyright (2003) Elsevier Ltd...

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