Crystal length

In a DROPO, the signal and idler helds are both recycled inside the cavity. Above, the oscillation threshold, both helds have a non zero value at the entrance of the crystal and solution 5 cannot be used. If the variahon of the helds over the crystal length L is small, equations 1 can be solved to the hrst order (still in the case AA = 0) ... 

An interesting aspect here is the length of the crystal - in the direction of the parallel channels - in relation to the polymer length. A polymer molecular mass of 10.000 corresponds with a length of 0.05 pm. So some 20 polymer chains are required for a crystal length of 1 pm. 

Molar Water Content, x Average Crystal Length L / pm Average Crystal Diameter D / pm Average Aspect Ratio L/D... 

Recently Hopman and al.15 applied a quasi one-dimensional photonic crystal (length 76 pm) for optical sensing. They measured the transmission spectrum as a function of the cladding refractive index. The cladding was varied using a liquid flow, of which the index was slowly varied over a small range (Figure 9). 

We expect that the trapping efficiency increases with decreasing crystal length lz for otherwise constant parameters, specifically constant pPy+, because the... 

Figure 1.33. Upper electron microscopy (EM) pictures of the investigated zeolite L samples with different crystal length lz (1) 300 nm (2) 500 nm (3) 850 nm (4) 1400 nm (5) 2400 nm. Lower Fluorescence intensity after specific excitation of only Py+ at 460 nm (scaled to the same height at the maximum of the Py+ emission) of Py+ loaded and Ox+ modified zeolite L crystals with constant Py+ loading (ppy+ = 0.11) as a function of crystal length. The Ox+ modification was two molecules at both ends of the channel, on average.

The aspect ratio is the ratio of crystal length to crystal width. 

The second harmonic power I2 is related to the crystal length and the mismatch parameter Ak (Ak = ki - k2, where ki is the fundamental wave number and 2 is the second harmonic wave number) in the following way ... 

Figure 5.3 Numerically simulated Stokes polarization vector components 5j (dashed line), 2 (solid line) and Sj (dotted line) versus propagation direction z- Frames (a) is foriV = 10 crystals, while frames (b) and (c) are for W = 30 and W = 100 crystals in a stack. In all cases, each crystal length is L, the rotary power is = k/5L, and the rotation angle in each crystal is = kx/4N with k being the number of the crystal in the row (k = 1,2,3,...

Form. Spread a thin layer of wet sample over a 0.5 square inch area of the central surface of a 1-in by 3-in glass microscope slide, in such a manner that the individual crysts are discernible. Measure the crystal length by means of a micrometer eye-piece using a magnification of ca 40... 

When L is the increment in crystal length, the mass ratio is... 

The last column is of the summation Wj/Lj at corresponding values of crystal length L. The volumetric shape factor is av =0.866, the density is 1.5g/mL, and the mean residence time was 2.0 hr. The linear growth rate G and the mideation rate B° will be found. 

The differential distributions are differences between values of differential distributions at the key t = 1.93 hr, and also at 1.5 and 3.0 hr. The differential distributions are plotted and show the shift to larger sizes as residence time is increased, but the heights of the peaks are little affected. 

The second term is the reversible work done at a given stress by the volume expansion (contraction) Vdujk if one adds dn,- to the system under stress. For uniaxial stress, this is (q = cross section area = crystal length)... 

Suppose that the batch crystallizer is seeded with a mass of crystals with a uniform size of Lseed. The number of seed crystals is Nseed, and, as the operation is to be free from nucleation, the number of crystals in the system remains the same as the number of seed crystals. The initial values of total crystal length, total crystal surface area, total... 

One consequence of the negative-order kinetics is auto catalysis of the crystallization process. If the initial concentration is higher than that of the rate maximum, crystal growth will accelerate initially as the concentration decreases. This is illustrated in Fig. 13. Once past the concentration of the growth-rate maximum, the rate drops off. Interestingly, the positions of steepest slope in the time dependencies of crystal length and width do not coincide (Fig. 13), as the positions of the maxima in Guo and Gioo differ (Fig. 12). 

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