Crucible type

Crucible direct-inlet probe. Holds the sample in a cup-shaped device (the crucible) rather than on an exposed surface. A direct-inlet probe is assumed to be a crucible type unless otherwise specified. 

The sensor has voltage characteristics which are nearly identical to the usual crucible-type sensor. 

Detailed analysis of the steady-state voltage chatacter-istics of both the thick film oxygen sensor and the crucible type oxygen sensor are shown. 

The objectives of this study were twofold (1) to develop a new type of oxygen sensor which makes the crucible-type sensor more compact and which does not use air as a reference gas, (2) to analyze output characteristics of both the newly-developed zirconia oxygen sensor and the crucible-type oxygen sensor. 

Figure 1. Schematic drawing and voltage curve for crucible-type oxygen sensor...

Crucible-type oxygen sensor with catalytic electrode. In this case, the solid electrolyte is non-porous and the sensor current 1=0. 

Crucible-type oxygen sensor with non-catalytic electrode. A non-catalytic electrode (e. g. Au) is thought to delay the reaction rate in the following reaction... 

Sensor voltage characteristics of the crucible type oxygen sensor. According to the oxygen sensor model used in this analysis, the oxygen partial pressure Po2(0) at the measurement electrode can be expressed by Equations 28- 32, 3, and 35. Calculated results for the sensor voltage are shown in Figure 9-... 

The voltage characteristics of the sensor are almost identical to those of the conventional crucible-type oxygen sensor. 

The ash in carbon black is determined after drying at 125°C in a 550°C muffle furnace." The duration in the furnace is up to 16 hours depending on crucible type. 

Finally, all the crucible types mentioned above may be sealed into glass ampoules this permits maintaining a vacuum or a desired gas atmosphere during the fusion. 

In developing standard DSC methods for characterization of pharmaceuticals, use was made of experimental design to determine the best protocol [25]. Sample size, heating rate, atmosphere (air or nitrogen), crucible type (open, crimped, pinhole, crimped with pin hole) and relative humidity were included in an evaluation of technique and recommendations were made for the best procedure. In this investigation, data derived from benzoic acid and vanillin... 

After two years operation of the VIR s, the major issue still to be overcome is poor crucible life. Expected target life of over 40 charges has not yet been achieved despite using a variety of crucible types. 

A) Effect of crucible thermal mass on the TG curves of powdered PMMA. Solid line, aluminium crucible (type VII in Figure 4.4) dashed line, aluminium crucible with aluminium disc insert. (B) DTA curves recorded simultaneously. Experimental conditions 5 K min heating rate 5 mg sample dry N2 purge gas ... 

Without direct contact between a temperature sensor and the specimen crucible, the temperature displayed by classical TGA is at best an approximation. TGA temperature calibration is shown to be a function of temperature, heating rate, specimen mass, transitions, and crucible type. While some of these factors (e.g. crucible type) can be accommodated in classical TGA, factors such as specimen mass changes and transitions make synchronization between the temperature sensor and specimen behavior impossible. Direct-contact temperature devices can be calibrated for system behavior and therefore register accurate sample temperature measurements. 

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