Crotonic acid, /3-hydroxy

CROTONIC ACID, 3-HYDROXY-, MEHYL ESTER, DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE DIMEHYL(1-METHOXYCARBOXYPROPEN-2-YL)PHOSPHATE DIMETHYL 2-METHOXYCARBONYL-1-METHYLVINYL PHOSPHATE DIMETHYL METHOXYCARBONYLPROPENYL PHOSPHATE DIMETHYL-1 -CARBOMETHOXY-1-PROPEN-2-YL PHOSPHATE DURAPHOS... 

Isocroionic acid, -crotonic acid, cis-croionic acid. Colourless needles m.p. 14 C, b.p. 169 C. Prepared by distilling -hydroxy-glutaric acid under reduced pressure. Converted to a-crotonic acid by heating at 180 C, or by the action of bromine and sunlight on an aqueous solution. 

Chemically, wood tar is a complex mixture that contains at least 200 individual compounds, among which the foUowing have been isolated (1) 2-methoxyphenol, 2-methoxy-4-ethylphenol, 5-meth5i-2-methoxyphenol, 2,6-x5ienol, butyric acid, crotonic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, butyrolactone, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4JT-pyran-4-one, 2-methyl-2-propenal, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl furyl ketone, and 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-l-one. 

The fraction, x, of -hydroxy crotonic acid that isomerizes into acetoacetic ester was measured at 25°C at various times. The data indicate reversibility. Find the rate equation. 

DL-Threonic acid (10) seemed to be a promising source of DL-threose. Therefore, other routes to 10 were elaborated. By a procedure consisting of five steps" 2-propenal (acrolein) — vinylglycoloni-trile — ethyl vinylglycolate — ethyl 4-bromocrotonate — 3-hydroxy-crotonic acid — 10, DL-threonic acid was obtained in an overall yield of 4.1%. Another synthesis of 10 was achieved17 in six steps starting... 

Adams and Reifschneider 22 have reported ring opening and formation of 6-hydroxypyridine-2-crotonic acid by strong alkaline or acid hydrolysis of 6-hydroxy-4-quinolizone with ester groups in the 1-and 3-positions. However, hydrolysis with barium oxide affords the corresponding l-carbethoxy-3-carboxy-6-hydroxy-4-quinolizone. 

Benzene may be alkylated by certain unsaturated, halo, hydroxy, and keto acids. The yields of phenyl-substituted acids are usually low (18-65%). In the alkylation of benzene by cinnamic and crotonic acids the major products are 3 phenyl- and 3-methyl-hydrindones, respectively, formed by subsequent ring closures by Friedel-Crafts acylation. ... 

Reaction of a,P-unsaturated acids with ketones Lithium naphthalenide in the presence ofdiethylamine reacts with x,/ -unsaturated adds, for examplecrotonic acid (1), to give the a-anion of lithium crotonate. This anion reacts with ketones, for example cyclohexanone (2), to give d-hydroxy acids, for example 5(r-hydroxycyclohex-r-yl)-crotonic acid (3). 

DIMETHOXYPHOSPHINYL)OXY)-, METHYL ESTER 2-BUTENOIC ACID 3-((DIMETHOXYPHOSPHINYL)OXY)-2-BUTENOIC ACID METHYL ESTER 3-HYDROXY-. METHYL ESTER. DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE CROTONIC ACID 3-HYDROXYCROTONIC ACID METHYL ESTER DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE 3-( DIMETHOXYPHOSPHINYL)-, METHYL ESTER 2-BUTENOIC ACID... 

Mupirocin calcium cream 2% contains the dihydrate crystalline calcium hemisalt of the antibiotic mupirocin. Chemically, it is ((alpha) E,2 5,3 R,4 R,5 5)-5-[(2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5) -2,3 -epoxy-5-hydroxy-4-methylhexyl]tetra-hydro-3, 4-dihydroxy-(beta)-methyl-2//-pyran-2-crotonic acid, ester with 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, calcium salt (2 1),... 

A stream of air, charged with bromine vapor, introduced into a vigorously stirred 0.34 M aq. soln. of crotonic acid over a period of 5 hrs., then air bubbled rapidly through the reaction mixture for an additional 30 min. to remove any excess bromine —a-bromo- -hydroxy-n-butyric acid. Y 79%. (H. E. Carter and C. L. Zirkle, J. Biol. Chem. 178, 709 (1949).). ... 

An ethereal soln. of diethylamine added to an ethereal soln. of methyl 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-l-propyne-l-carboxylate at 0°, and allowed to stand overnight at the same temp. —> -diethylamino-y-hydroxy-y-phenyl crotonic acid lactone. Y 70% (cf. Synth. Meth. 5, 57). (A. W. Nineham and R. A. Raphael, Soc. 1949, 118 also / -alkoxy derivatives s. E. R. H. Jones and M. C. Whiting, Soc. 1949, 1423.)... 

E)-(2S,3R,4R,5S)-5-([(2S,3S,4S,5S)-2,3-Epoxy-5-hydroxy-4-methylhexyl]tetrahydro-3,4-dihydroxy-p-methyl-2H-pyran-2-crotonic acid ester with 9-hydroxynonanoic acid. 

The hydroxy-acid (53), an intermediate in vitamin A synthesis, has been prepared in 51 % yield from )9-ionone and crotonic acid using lithium naphthal-enide. ... 

Ethyl 4-hydroxycrotonate Crotonic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, (E)- (8) ... 

Other Names 2(5H)-Furanone, S.S-fcwCp-hydroxyphenyl)- Crotonic acid, 4- hydroxy-4, (p-hydroxyphenyl)-, y-lactone Phenolmalein CA Index Name 2(5H)-Fnranone, 5,5- j5 (4-hydroxyphenyl)-CAS Registry Number 1224-25-5 Merck Index Number Not listed Chemical Structure... 

The orthovanadate-catalysed epoxidation of crotonic acid with H2O2 is zero order in H202. The oxidations and disproportionations of 3-hydroxy-2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNR), 2-mono-nitrophenol (MNP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) promoted by Fenton reagent at pH = 3.1 have been studied. The reaction characteristics were studied by measuring concentration changes of dissolved organic carbon over time instead of measuring nitrophenol content for each specific compound. ... 

Diethylamine added at -30° to a soln. of Li-naphthalene prepared from Li and naphthalene in tetrahydrofuran, then crotonic acid in tetrahydrofuran added drop-wise at - 5° followed by cyclohexanone, and heated 1.5 hrs. at 60° y-(l-hydroxy-... 

---