Croton sublyratus

Isolation by extraction of Croton sublyratus or Croton colwnnaris and purification on silica gel. Reference(s) ... 

Secretin inhibits postprandial gastrin release (thus decreasing gastric acid secretion) and increases pancreatic exocrine secretion (e.g. of bicarbonate). The secretin receptor (like the GLP-1 receptor and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor) acts via Gas and cAMP elevation. A plant agonist for the secretin receptor has been isolated from the Thai anti-ulcer plant Croton sublyratus (plau-loi) (Table 5.8). 

Croton sublyratus (Thai anti-ulcer plau-noi) (Euphorbiaceae)... 

Teuflin, from Teucrium flavum (Labiatae) has been assigned the stereochemistry (39) epimeric at C-10 to teucvidin on the basis of an X-ray analysis. Isocrotocaudin (40) from Croton caudatus (Euphorbiaceae) is an 11(12)-dehydro-derivative which is similar to crotocaudin and teucvidin. The c.d. curves of the a/3-unsaturated lactones have been used to assign the absolute stereochemistry in this series. Plaunol A (41) and plaunol B (42) are anti-ulcer diterpenoid lactones which have been isolated from the Thai medicinal drug Croton sublyratus (Euphorbiaceae). Baccharis genistelloides (Compositae) has afforded a clerodane dilactone (43) similar to that isolated previously from B. trimera. 

Source Croton sublyratus. Molecular formula C20 H34 O2. Molecular weight 306.49. Biological activity Antiulcer. 

Plaunotol, (2, E, El-2-(4,8-Dimerhyl-3,7-nonadte-nyl)-6-methyi-2,6-octadiene-l,8-diol (E.Z.EJ-7-hydroxymethyl-3, 11,15-trimethyl-2,6,10.14-hexadecatetraen-l -ol CS-684 Kelnac. Cj H O,. mol wt 306 49. C 78.38%, H 11.18%, O 10.44%. Acyclic diterpene alcohol isolated from a Thai medicinal plant identified as Croton sublyratus Kurz, Euphorbiaceae. Isoln, synthesis and anti-ulcer activity H. Mishima et at., Japan. Kokai 77 62,213 eidem, U.S, pat. 4,059,641 (both 1977 to Senkyo) A. Ogiso et aL, Chent... 

GGPP synthase Croton sublyratus GGPP synthase Sinapis alba... 

C20H34O2, Mr 306.49, pale yellow, bitter oil, soluble in acetone. A diterpene of the geranylgeraniol type. It is isolated from the leaves of the Euphorbiaceae Croton sublyratus (Plau-noi) and C. columnaris. Plau-noi is used in Thai traditional medicine. P. has anti-ulcer-ative activity with low acute toxicity LD50 (mouse, rat p.o.) >8 g/kg. In Japan, P. is used as peptic ulcer therapeutic (trade name Kelnac ). 

Approximately 5 000 naturally abundant acyclic and cyclic diterpenes derived from the parent hydrocarbon phytane are known The (3i ,7i ,ll )-enantiomer of phy-tane has been found in meteorites, oil slate, other sediments and, last but not least, in human liver. Oil slate additionally eontains (-)-(3if,7if,llif)-phytanoic acid which has also been isolated from butter. 1,3(20)-Phytadiene is one among many constituents of tobacco Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) -1,3-phytadiene and its (%)-isomer are found in zooplankton. Chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of plant cells exemplifies an ester of +)-(lE,lR, l/ )-2-phyten-l-ol usually referred to as phytol. 2,6,10,14-Phytatetraene-l,19-diol, better known as plaunotol, is the ehief constituent of the leaves of flie Thai medicinal plant Croton sublyratus (Euphorbiaceae) used as "plau noi" or "kelnac" as an antiulcerative. 

A new thiophen synthesis is based on deprotonation and cyclization of the resultant carbanion (65) of a keten dimethylthioacetal. Other applications of cr-(phenylthio)- or cr-(alkylthio)-alkyl-lithiums include preparations of disparlure (the sex pheromone of the gypsy moth) and other chiral epoxides,of an anti-peptic-ulcer diterpene from Croton sublyratus, of carbene-thiometal chelates through reaction with fCr(CO)gl or fW(CO)jl, of olefins via )ff-hydroxy-sulphides, and of Michael adducts of enones. In other work, the chiral solvent l,4-dimethylamino-2,3-dimethoxybutane is employed in enantioselective addition reactions of cr-thio-carbanions with ketones and Michael acceptors. a,P -Elimination of cr-thio-carbanions such as (66) provides a useful synthesis of olefins, and a 2-(lithiomethylthio)-A -oxazoline (67) has been used to prepare a C-labelled thiiran for a microwave study of the valence tautomerism of allene episulphide. ... 

Jatrophone, 22, also has a broad antitumor spectrum and has been of interest in the NCI program (586). Tripdiolide, 23, and related compounds such as triptolide, 24, have also been of interest as antitumor agents in the NCI program (283). Four novel furanoditerpenes of the entclerodane type, plaunol B (25), C (26), D (27), and E (28) have been isolated from Croton sublyratus and show interesting activity against Shay-induced ulcers in rats at 3-10 mg/kg (552). 

Kitazawa E, Sato A, Takahashi S, Kuwano H et al. 1980 Novel diterpenelactones with anti-peptic ulcer activity from Croton sublyratus, Chem Pharm Bull 28 227-234... 

---