Cross-hairs

Strichelchen, n. little stroke or streak, stricheln, v.t. streak shade, hatch (of lines) break (at short intervals)-Strich-farbe, /. (Min.) streak color, streak, -formulierung, /. formula writing with lines or dashes (to represent bonds), -gitter, n. simple line grating, -kreuz, n. cross hairs, cross wires, -kultur, /. streak culture. 

Interpolation on the smoothed trace can be carried out for any x within the bounds of the trace the result of the interpolation is displayed and printed in numerical format and is indicated by cross hairs on the screen. 

Now click on the graph window, and a cross-hair will appear. Move it to where you want the legend to begin and click. Presto Repeat for additional annotations. 

Figure 5.1 Hydrogen-bonded B -HA binary complexes (left) and leading nB CTHA+ donor-acceptor interactions (right), with second-order stabilization energies in parentheses (cf. Table 5.1). (Note that the H atom falls slightly out of the contour plane in the upper-right panel, so that the cross-hairs symbol for this nucleus is absent.)...

The telescope (F) of the Abbe refractometer is fixed (Figure 18.3) and the prism box (C) is directly attached to the scale. When C is made to rotate gradually the critical ray (E) falls on the cross hair (H) of the telescope (F). At this juncture the value of the refractive index of the liquid ( ) can be measured directly from the scale (G). 

Polarizing microscope equipped with cross-hair eyepiece, calibrating fine focus, and provision for insertion of compensater a moderate magnification is desirable (e.g., 320x = 32x objective and 10X ocular)... 

Shift the mechanical stage until each of the ink marks coincides with the ocular cross hair. 

Scan A cross-hair cursor appears on the screen, which allows you to examine... 

Calibration is accessed via the Manual Calibration option in the Analysis pulldown menu (Fig. 4.25). This causes a cross-hair cursor to appear on the screen and the system waits for the setting of a calibration point (Fig. 4.26). 

To phase either the columns or rows, click on the appropriate button in the button panel. A cross-hair cursor appears in the display field, and the Chi button is highlighted indicating that the trace for the first channel is to be selected. The spectrum display area is internally divided into three parts, corresponding to three different channels (columns or rows) that can be chosen to perform the phase correction. Select appropriate columns or rows from the 2D matrix by moving the cursor to the desired position and clicking... 

Figure 2.9 Phase diagram for C02, showing solid-gas (S + G, sublimation ), solid-liquid (S + L, fusion ), and liquid-gas (L + G, vaporization ) coexistence lines as PT boundaries of stable solid, liquid, or gaseous phases. The triple point (triangle), critical point (x), and selected 280K isotherm of Fig. 2.8 (circle) are marked for identification. Note that the fusion curve tilts slightly forward (with slope 75 atm K-1) and that the sublimation and vaporization curves meet with slightly discontinuous slopes (angle < 180°) at the triple point. The dotted and dashed half-circle shows two possible paths between a liquid (cross-hair square) and a gas (cross-hair circle) state, one discontinuous (dashed) crossing the coexistence line, the other continuous (dotted) encircling the critical point (see text).

As the cut and weigh method above, the planimeter method is a perimeter method that makes use of a surveyor s or draftsman s instrument called a planimeter. Using this technique the baseline is drawn as usual. The perimeter of the peak is then traced using the eyepiece containing cross-hairs of the planimeter. 

Small telescope with cross hairs attached to a goniometer (an angle-measuring device) or enlarged photograph... 

Measurement of the angle of extinction can be performed as follows Line up the cross hairs (if the eyepiece does not have a cross hair, it is possible to use the lines of a Patterson Globe and Circle Reticle or a porton Reticle) with a natrolite particle or fibers of an anthophyllite asbestos standard which is at extinc... 

A binocular microscope which is adjustable for various inter-pupillary distances should always be used on the same interpupil-lary setting as was used for alignment of the cross hairs for zero extinction, if the field rotates as interpupillary distance is adjusted. 

Determination of the position of maximum extinction of some dark fibers may be difficult. The fibers may appear to be dark over a wide range of rotation of the stage. In such cases, it may be possible to locate the position of maximum brightness. If the position of maximum brightness is 45° from the cross hair, the angle of extinction is zero. 

There are three Tektronix terminals that are emulated, the 4010, 4014 and 4027. The 4010 is a high resolution terminal with cross hair cursors for graphics input, the 4014 adds a hardware line patterns, choice of character sizes and user definable character sets with local storage for commonly used structures. The 4027 is a color raster terminal with 64 colors, 16 character fonts, as well as polygon and vector commands. 

Procedure. If the cathetometer is not level, it should be adjusted using the spirit levels on the base and on the telescope. Focus the telescope on one of the capillaries in the bath. The vertical cross-hair should be lined up parallel to the side of the capillary. This may be achieved if necessary by rotating the eyepiece. When reading the height of an object, such as a meniscus, always use the same position on the horizontal cross-hair—usually near the center of the field. Note that the image is inverted by the telescope. 

The most commonly used form of refractometer is the Abbe refractometer, shown schematically in Fig. 11. This differs from the immersion refractometer in two important respects. First, instead of dipping into the liquid, the refractometer contains only a few drops of the liquid held by capillary action in a thin space between the refracting prism and an illuminating prism. Second, instead of reading the position of the critical-ray boundary on a scale, one adjusts this boundary so that it is at the intersection of a pair of cross-hairs by rotating the refracting prism until the telescope axis makes the required angle 8 with the normal to the air interface of the prism. The index of refraction is then read directly from a scale associated with the prism rotation. 

Make any necessary fine adjustment to bring the boundary between the light and dark fields into coincidence with the intersection of the cross-hairs. 

The arm A, which tilts the prism assembly with respect to the observation tube T, is adjusted until the dividing line is brought to the intersection of the cross hairs in the field, thereby giving the critical angle. The value of the refractive index may then be read directly from the graduated scale S, since this is normally calibrated... 

Take a sharp object and press the point into the cross hairs of the /4" and V2" outlet, and the six holes for the pressure screws to make indentations to mark the PVC plate. 

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